What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? correct answer amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group

How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? - correct answer Non-polar/hydrophobic-end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar-end with OH, SH, or NH. Charged end with a charge

what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? correct answer ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged

What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - correct answer Primary-linear structure, Secondary- Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary-1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit

What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - correct answer hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents

what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? correct answer hydrophobic bonds

how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - correct answer Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding

how do mutations affect protein structure?-correct answer Can cause structure to change. Protein