What is the primary purpose of conducting a Needs Analysis? ✔✔To identify a gap between the acquired goal and the actual status of that goal. By using this data a goal statement can be written that identifies what needs to be taught. Also a needs analysis provides the cause of the problem to guide the most effective instruction. You have been asked to conduct a Needs Analysis (topic of your choice) for an organization-wide problem at your place of employment (current, past, or hypothetical). List the people you would ask to participate in a focus group and explain why. ✔✔As many people as possible to help us learn more about the problem: students, teachers, and the principal. Even the parents are an asset to help guide the analysis. Are Likert scale questions quantitative or qualitative? Why? ✔✔The questions are qualitative because they are not measurable in and of themselves. The scale itself is of a quantitative form although it is used to measure qualitative data. Linkert scales are used to create a method to measure qualitative data by ascribing a scale of quantitative means. Will an interview ever have more than one respondent? ✔✔Yes there can be more than one respondent. Interviews can be used to gather data from groups of people and the data can be compared. What are the four components of a complete goal statement? ✔✔A complete goal statement should describe the following: • The learners • What learners will be able to do in the performance context • The performance context in which the skills will be applied • The tools that will be available to the learners in the performance context According to your Dick and Carey e-text, what are the three criteria for writing a goal statement? ✔✔1. Will the development of this instruction solve the problem that led to the need for it? 2. Are these goals acceptable to those who must approve this instructional development effort? 3. Are there sufficient resources to complete the development of instruction for this goal? Why do we write goal statements? ✔✔By writing the goal statement out it helps the instructor in being able to analyze the goal and write clear, precise descriptions of what the target goal is and how it can be achieved. Writing goal statements aids the instructor in analyzing who the learners are, what they need to be able to accomplish and what tools they need in order to be successful. What is the value of conducting a Learner Analysis?* ✔✔...The data that is collected on a learner analysis directs the design of the instruction so that it is appropriate for the learner. A learner analysis aids the instructor in understanding how a student learns and what style of learning is preferred and then will possibly produce a better outcome of the objectives. Why is it important to identify entry-level skills? ✔✔...It is important to identify entry-level skills because in it guides the instruction on where to begin. In order for a student to be able to add coins they need to know what each coin is and what it worth. They would need to be able to identify these coins. Therefore, in order to instruct a student on adding coins an instructor needs to be sure that these entry level skills of even knowing how to identify its worth. ...initial building blocks for instruction Which type of assessment measures entry-level skills? ✔✔...Pre-requisite or an entry level test. These assessments test the basic level of a skill to check for comprehension of the basic of an objective or goal to ensure that the instruction begins in the appropriate position. Why is it important to measure prior knowledge? ✔✔...Prior knowledge supplies the teacher with what the student already knows and if there are any misconceptions about a skill. It is never to safe to assume that a student already has the skills. Which type of assessment measures prior knowledge? ✔✔...A pre-test is an assessment that measures prior knowledge. It aids in providing what skills a student may have and also what they do not know, which will aid in guiding instruction. What is a task analysis (task analysis is used interchangeably with goal analysis and instructional analysis)? ✔✔...A task analysis involves taking a task and analyzing it into smaller parts in order to teach them as well as ensure that the individual task is appropriate for a learner. What are the parts of Mager's three-part performance objectives? Give an example of each. ✔✔...Performance - It describes what the learner will be doing when demonstrating mastery of an objective. Ex. Be able to draw a picture of a duck. Conditions- description of the circumstances under which the performance will be carried out. Ex. Using a ruler measure the desk in inches. Criterion- lets students know how well they will have to perform to be considered proficient. Ex solve 100 addition problems correctly within 5 minutes. Conditions (CN) - the tools and resources that will be available to the learner when performing the skill Behavior (B) - the skill including actions, content, and concepts Criteria (CR) - acceptable performance of the skill Examples: 1. In a workteam meeting (CN), manage the line of discussion (B) so the meeting stays on track (CR). 2. Using a web search engine (CN), use Boolean operators (B) to narrow the number of relevant hits by half (CR). 3. From memory (CN), describe the emergency response procedure when a gas detection indictor goes off (B), exactly as detailed in the company policy manual (CR). Identify the part of the performance objective from the descriptions below (condition, behavior, criteria). a. Measurable action verb b. Minimum level of mastery c. Parameters for behavior and/or resources needed for performance* ✔✔a. Measurable action verb-behavior/performance b. Minimum level of mastery-Criterion c. Parameters for behavior and/or resources needed for performance-conditions