Question 1 5 / 5 pts Explain why a patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods. Your Answer: Because one of the function of the liver is to produce bile. Bile is used to emulsify fat, if the fat cannot be broken down, the patient will have intolerance with fatty foods. The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. If it is not producing bile (or less bile), fats will not be broken down effectively. Question 2 5 / 5 pts Explain in detail how the stomach contents enter the small intestine. Your Answer: First, the contents enters the small intestine through pyloric sphincter. The pyloric sphincter then relaxes and small amount of chyme pass through into the small intestine. A reflex occurs after chyme enters the small intestine which causes sphincter to close. Once sphincter relaxes again some more chyme enters and this process continues. The pyloric sphincter (valve), located at the base of the stomach, relaxes causing a small quantity of chyme to pass through the opening into the first part of the small intestine. This initiates a reflex that causes the muscles of the sphincter to contract and close the opening temporarily. Then the sphincter relaxes again and allows more chyme to enter. Question 3 10 / 10 pts Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. 1: 2: 5: 6: 8: Your Answer: 1-Liver 2-Pancreas 5-Duodenum 6-Ileum 8-Ascending colon 1: Liver 2: Pancreas 5: Duodenum (not small intestine) 6: Ileum (not small intestine) 8: Ascending colon (not large intestine) Question 4 5 / 5 pts A patient is experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin would be causing this toxicity? Explain your answer. A. Water soluble vitamin B. Fat soluble vitamin C. All of the above Your Answer: B. Fat soluble vitamin. Fat soluble vitamin is stored within the bodys fat. It is harder for the body to get rid of them. B. Fat soluble vitamin. Fat soluble vitamins are stored within the body’s fat stores making it harder for the body to rid itself of them. Question 5 5 / 5 pts Explain which digestive system functions are carried out by the large intestine. Your Answer: Absorption and defecation. Absorption: water and electrolytes are reabsorbed. Vitamins are absorbed. Defecation: feces travel to the rectum. Feces are excreted via anus. Absorption: In the large intestine water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and vitamins are absorbed. Defecation: Feces travel to the rectum where it is excreted via the anus. Question 6 10 / 10 pts Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. Answer the following essay question: Name and explain the four main functions performed by the digestive system. Your Answer: 1-Ingestion: happens when food enters the mouth 2-Digestion: happens when the food meets the enzymes along the GI tract. Digestion has 2 parts: A-Mechanical : Happes when food is brakes down into smaller pieces. B-Chemical: Happens when the food is broken down by enzymes. 3-Absorption: Moving digested food in to the blood stream. 4-Defecation: Getting rid of undigested food from the anus The digestive system has four main roles that it performs: ingestion, digestion, absorption, and defecation. Ingestion is when food enters the mouth. Digestion or food breakdown occurs when food is moved, mixed, and exposed to enzymes along the gastrointestinal tract. Digestion can be divided into two parts: mechanical and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion occurs when food is broken down into smaller pieces. This occurs when the teeth chew food, when the stomach mixes food, and as food is moved along the gastrointestinal tract. Chemical digestion is the breakdown of food by enzymes. Absorption is the process of moving digested food into the blood stream. Defecation is the excretion of indigestible food from the anus. Question 7 4 / 4 pts Match the digestive organ with the one substance it produces: Correct! Pancreas Correct!