Chapter 01 Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following were the first to cultivate food crops in the Americas? a. European colonists in South America b. Indians along the Atlantic seaboard of North America c. Jesuit missionaries in southern California d. Indians living in central Mexico 2. Which of the following was a consequence of the spread of agricultural techniques among Indian groups? a. Cultural differences among groups of Indians disappeared. b. Most groups began to live a more sedentary existence. c. The various groups began to engage in almost constant warfare. d. Political power within the various groups fell into the hands of land-owning elite. 3. Why did the practice of settled agriculture lead to the emergence of more complex civilizations? a. People practicing settled agriculture needed a more structured political system. b. People with a steady supply of food were free to devote their energy to accumulating wealth, producing art, building cities, and creating ceremonies and rituals. c. An increase in the number of children in such societies gave rise to the educational institutions associated with complex civilizations. d. Property owners in such societies demanded laws and institutions that protected their property rights. 4. Which of the following is true of Cahokia, also known as the City of the Sun? a. It was the center of the Aztec world. b. An early form of writing was invented there. c. Its economy was based on culture and trade. d. It was pillaged by Cortez in 1519 CE 5. Which of the following best explains the differences in the means of subsistence and lifestyles that emerged among Indian groups in the New World? a. Disagreements over political beliefs caused groups to separate. b. The various tribes migrated to the Americas separately and came from widely divergent cultures. c. Different Indian groups adapted their means of subsistence and lifestyles to the environment in which they settled. d. Geographic barriers in the New World made interaction between different Indian tribes impossible. 6. Which of the following best explains the fact that bands of Indian hunters remained small in the area of the Great Basin (present-day Nevada and Utah)? a. The disease environment dramatically lowered the life expectancy of the inhabitants of the Great Basin. b. The tribes of the Great Basin enacted laws that imposed strict limitations on the size of each band within the tribe. c. The inadequate supply of large game made it difficult to find food in sufficient quantity to support large groups. d. The practice of human sacrifice significantly reduced the population of the bands and tribes of the Great Basin. 7. How were North American Indian agricultural societies similar to each other?