1. Which medication is considered first-line treatment for a patient experiencing symptomatic bradycardia? A. Atropine B. Adenosine C. Dopamine D. Epinephrine Answer: A. Atropine Rationale: Atropine is the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia according to ACLS guidelines. It increases heart rate by inhibiting the action of the vagus nerve on the heart. 2. During ACLS, which drug is recommended for the management of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) after the first shock? A. Amiodarone B. Lidocaine C. Magnesium sulfate D. Sodium bicarbonate Answer: A. Amiodarone Rationale: Amiodarone is recommended for VF or pulseless VT that is unresponsive to CPR, defibrillation, and vasopressor therapy. It works by prolonging the myocardial cell action potential duration and refractory period. 3. What is the initial dose of epinephrine in cardiac arrest? A. 1 mg IV/IO B. 0.5 mg IV/IO C. 3 mg IV/IO D. 5 mg IV/IO Answer: A. 1 mg IV/IO Rationale: The initial recommended dose of epinephrine for cardiac arrest is 1 mg IV/IO, administered every 3-5 minutes during resuscitation efforts. 4. For a patient with a suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which medication is typically administered as part of the initial treatment? A. Heparin B. Nitroglycerin