Inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, & hepatic veins demonstrate systolic flow reversal. What type of valve abnormality would you expect to see? A. mild mitral regurgitation B. severe mitral regurgitation C. mild tricuspid regurgitation D. severe tricuspid regurgitation -Answer- D When estimating pulmonary artery pressure, the most reliable non-invasive method is: A. tricuspid valve regurgitant jet velocity B. pulmonic valve systolic velocity C. pulmonary artery catheter D. thermodilution -Answer- D Which statement is correct about frequency? A. higher frequency tranducers decrease the depth of penetration, but reduce image resolution B. low frequency tranducers decrease the depth penetration, but increase image resolution C. higher frequency transducers increase the depth of penetration & improve image resolution D. low frequency transducers improve depth penetration, but reduce image resolution - Answer- D Mitral valve prolapse may be augmented by: A. having the patient lie very flat B. having the patient perform a valsalva maneuver C. having the patient inhale D. injecting contrast into the venous system -Answer- B Which chamber is the more posterior? A. right ventricle B. left atrium C. left ventricle D. right atrium -Answer- B This image is of a patient with a history of pulmonary hypertension. The finding noted on this exam is: A. dilated left ventricle B. dilated pulmonic valve C. left ventricular hypertrophy D. right ventricular hypertrophy -Answer- D When valves are stenotic, the best way to evaluate them is by using: A. 2D imaging with hermonics B. color flow Doppler C. pulsed wave Doppler D. continuous wave Doppler -Answer- D Torus aorticus is found in the: A. left atrial appendage B. left ventricle C. right atrium D. right ventricle -Answer- C Ventricular septal defects may be difficult to detect if they are less than: A. 3 mm B. 1 cm C. 5 mm D. 10 mm -Answer- A What type of prosthetic mitral valve replacement is this? A. porcine - tissue valve B. tilting disc - mechanical C. bileaflet tilting disc - mechanical D. ball & cage - mechanical -Answer- A What is the most common benign primary cardiac? A. sarcoma B. myxoma C. papilloma D. rhabdomyoma -Answer- B In patients with higher than normal heart rates may cause the Doppler signal of the left ventricular inflow to: A. have a high A velocity B. have a low E velocity C. has no effect on the E/A velocity D. have a single E/A velocity -Answer- D 2D echo of pulmonary hypertension may demonstrate all of the following except: A. paradoxical septal motion B. enlarged right atrium C. enlarged pulmonary artery D. enlarged right ventricle E. enlarged left ventricle -Answer- E Which congenital abnormality is the most common cyanotic lesion in adults? A. patent ductus arteriosus B. tetralogy of fallot C. ebstein's anomaly D. valvular pulmonic stenosis -Answer- B This image demonstrates a pronounced thickened structure. What is this structure? A. chordae tendineae B. trabeculae carnae C. papillary muscle D. mitral valve leaflets -Answer- C The arrow in this apical four chamber image identifies: A. lateral wall of left ventricle at mid region B. lateral wall of left ventricle at proximal region C. lateral wall of left ventricle at basal region D. lateral wall of left ventricle at apical region -Answer- A If a bioprosthetic porcine valve is placed in the aortic position, what type of bioprosthetic graft is this called? A. autograft B. homograft C. heterograft -Answer- C The most common metastic tumors originates from the: A. lung B. ovary C. breast D. uterus E. B&C