ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2

NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH

RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY

GRADED A+

Which description is consistent with acute lymphocytic leukemia

(ALL)?

a. ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the presence of greater than

30%lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood.

b. Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone

marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they

replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes.

c. B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize

immunoglobulins.

d. The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 create an

abnormal,fused gene identified as BCR-ABL. - ANSWER- a

Rationale; ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the presence of

greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood. None

of the other options provide an accurate description of ALL.

Which description is consistent with chronic myelogenous leukemia

(CML)?

a. Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and

INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein.

b. Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone

marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they

replace normal myelocyticcells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes.

c. B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize

immunoglobulins.

d. The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an

abnormal,fused protein identified as BCR-ABL1. - ANSWER- ANS: D

Rationale; The Philadelphia chromosome is present in more than

95% of those with CML, and the presence of the BCR-ABL1 protein

is responsible for the initiation of CML. The other options do not

accurately describe CML.

Which description is consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

(CLL)?

a. Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and

INK4A, thegene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein.

b. Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone

marrow andperipheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they

replace normal myelocyticcells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes.

c. B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize

immunoglobulins.

d. The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an

abnormal,fused protein identified as BCR-ABL. - ANSWER- c

Rationale; CLL is derived from transformation of a partially

mature B cell that has not yet encountered antigen. The other

options do not accurately describe CLL.

Which term is used to describe a red-purple discoloration caused by

diffuse hemorrhage into the skin tissue?

a. Petechiae

b. Hematoma

c. Ecchymosis

d. Purpura - ANSWER- ANS: D

Rationale; Diffuse hemorrhage into skin tissues that is visible

through the skin causes a red-purple discoloration identified as a

purpura. None of the other options are used to identify this

symptom.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a(n) condition in adults and a(n)

condition in children.

a. Acute; acute

b. Chronic; chronic

c. Acute; chronic

d. Chronic; acute - ANSWER- ANS: D

Rationale; ITP may be acute or chronic. The acute form is

frequently observed in children. Chronic ITP is more commonly

observed in adults, with the highest prevalence in women between

20 and 40 years of age.

Which statement relates to immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

a. ITP is formed in conditions of low flow and is made up of mostly red

cells withlarger amounts of fibrin and few platelets.

b. An alteration of multipotent stem cells, resulting in an excess

production ofplatelets, causes ITP.

c. Mononuclear phagocytes in the spleen remove antibody-coated

platelets from circulation.

d. Arterial clots are made up of mostly platelet aggregates held together

by fibrin strands. - ANSWER- ANS: C

Rationale; ITP involves the antigen usually forming immune

complexes with circulating antibodies, and it is thought that the

immune complexes bind to Fc receptors on platelets, leading to their

destruction in the spleen. None of the other options are accurately

related to ITP.

When the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply, immature

neutrophils are released indicating:

a. A shift to the right

b. A shift to the left

c. Leukocytosis

d. Leukemia - ANSWER- ANS: B

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