Social Darwinism ✔✔The strong eat the week and only the fittest survive; survival of the fittest Nationalism ✔✔A group of people who have a strong common identity and become loyal to a single state Imperialism ✔✔A process by which one nation extends its influence and power into another nation either by diplomacy or force Settler Colony ✔✔When people from the imperial country relocate to the place (they're invading) to live there Scramble for Africa ✔✔Where lands in Africa were getting claimed by European powers, which led to competition. In result, a man named Otto Von Bismarck of Germany called the Berlin Conference of 1884 Berlin Conference of 1884 ✔✔A meeting where imperial leaders would decide how to split up Africa (the Scramble for Africa) in a way that pleased everyone and avoided war Economic Imperialism ✔✔An independent but less developed country controlled by private business interests rather than other governments Spheres of Influence in China ✔✔an area where a foreign nation controlled economic developments such as railroad construction and mining Dutch East India Company ✔✔A company founded by the Dutch in the early 17th century to establish and direct trade throughout Asia. However, due to corruption (bankruptcy) and eventually got bought out by the British Penal Colony ✔✔A colony to which convicts are sent as an alternative to prison New Zealand Wars ✔✔Confrontations between the Maori and British troops over disputed land Indian Removal Act of 1830 ✔✔Passed by the American Congress, it is a systematic removal of American Indians from the East onto reservations in the Midwest; also known as the Trail of Tears due to the abuse and death the Indians experienced as they migrated Proclamation of 1763 ✔✔A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east. Ghost Dance Movement ✔✔The last effort of Native Americans to resist US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands, came through as a religious movement. Tupac Amaru II ✔✔Member of Inca aristocracy who led a rebellion against Spanish authorities in Peru in 1780-1781. He was captured and executed with his wife and other members of his family. Benito Juarez ✔✔Mexican national hero; brought liberal reforms to Mexico, including separation of church and state, land distribution to the poor, and an educational system for all of Mexico Chinese Exclusion Act ✔✔(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate.