ATI CAPSTONE MATERNAL NEWBORN ASSESSMENT Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers)

ATI CAPSTONE MATERNAL NEWBORN ASSESSMENT EXAM

1. Which of the following are components of a prenatal history?

A. Family history, fetal care, and the mother's diet

B. Maternal sequelae, family history, and fetal care history

C. Maternal sequelae, fetal care history, and type of insurance

D. Maternal sequelae, family history, and the mode of transportation to

the hospital

PRENATAL HISTORY

A prenatal history is imperative to the comprehensive care of each newborn and should

cover the maternal sequelae, family history, and fetal care history. Maternal history

consists of information concerning past pregnancies, including complications, and

specifics of labor and maternal illness, including infections and the use of alcohol or

drugs. It should also elicit information regarding the current pregnancy, such as the

quality and quantity of prenatal care, current laboratory values (including blood type and

Rh factor and the results of standard group B streptococcus screening), and the presence

of any significant risk factors to the fetus. Obtaining a family history involves inquiring

regarding past illnesses, genetic issues, and physiological problems of parents and

siblings. The neonatal history encompasses factors such as vital signs, Apgar scores,

required stabilization interventions, and the newborn's general appearance and reaction to

the environment.

2. Which of the following complications may develop in infants of

diabetic mothers?

A. Jaundice

B. Hypoglycemia

C. Shoulder dystocia

D. All of the above

Gestational diabetes affects approximately 4% of all pregnancies. Factors that place

women at higher risk for developing gestational diabetes include age of 25 years or older,

obesity, and a family history of type 2 diabetes.The infant of a diabetic mother,

regardless of whether the cause is gestational diabetes or pre-existing disease, is affected

in a multitude of ways. The effects are more pronounced in "brittle" cases. Fetuses that

are continuously exposed to high blood glucose levels will produce more insulin in

response, leading to excessive fetal growth and infants who are large for gestational age.

This in turn can place them at higher risk for birth trauma and shoulder dystocia. In the

neonatal

period, infants of diabetic mothers are also more likely to experience hypoglycemia that

results from the precipitous drop in available blood sugar while they continue to produce

excessive amounts of insulin. This can lead to serious neurological damage with

complications including developmental delay, heart failure, and seizures. Infants of

diabetic mothers are also at higher risk for neonatal jaundice, and women with diabetes

are at higher risk for developing pre-eclampsia.

3. The placenta should be assessed for:

A. odor, bleeding, and umbilical cord placement.

B. bleeding, thickness, number of lobes, and odor.

C. size, color, odor, and umbilical cord placement.

D. size, color, odor, and the presence and number of membranes.

PLACENTAL EXAMINATION

A thorough assessment of the placenta at the time of delivery may assist with age

determination and present significant diagnostic information. The placenta should be

assessed for size, color, odor, and the presence and number of membranes.

4. What are the ABCs of neonatal resuscitation?

A. Always be careful

B. Apgar, Bleeding, Circulation

C. Airway, Blueness, Calmness

D. Airway, Breathing, Circulation

IMMEDIATE POST-BIRTH CARE

All nurses should be familiar with the ABCs of resuscitation: airway, breathing, and

circulation. Because newborns are wet when they are born, they can suffer rapid heat loss

if a warm environment is not maintained. Therefore, it is critical to maintain a warm, or

thermoneutral, environment for the infant throughout the first hours and days of life. This

can be accomplished by placing the infant on the mother's abdomen, with warm blankets

placed over them both to maintain body heat. Alternatively, if the need for further

intervention is anticipated, or if the caregiver prefers, the infant should be placed on a

preheated radiant warmer.

5. A thermoneutral environment can be maintained by

A. placing the infant on an infant scale as soon as possible.

B. assuring that the infant remains naked for the first day of life.

C. placing the infant on the mother's abdomen and leaving exposed.

D. placing the infant on the mother's abdomen and covering with warm blankets.

6. Apgar scores measure the infant's

A. Gestational age

B. Weight and height

C. Response to extrauterine life

D. Length of periods of reactivity

APGAR SCORE

In 1953, an anesthesiologist named Virginia Apgar designed a tool for evaluating

newborn infants. The Apgar scores grade the infant's response to extrauterine life in five

categories:

• Heart rate

• Respiratory effort

• Muscle tone

• Reflex irritability

• Color

7. In order to receive 2 points for color in Apgar scoring, the infant should

A. be blue, gray, or dusky.

B. be mostly pink with acrocyanosis.

• C. be completely pink, including the hands and feet.

D. demonstrate several different skin color variations.

APGAR SCORE