1. Physical development

-Weight:

-Gain 2-3 kg (4.5-6.5 lb) per year

-Height:

-Should grow 6.9-9 cm per year

2. Fine and gross motor skills

 3 Years

o Toe and heel walks

o Tricycle

o Jumps off bottom step

o Stands on one foot for a few seconds

 4 Years

o Hops on one foot | Skips

o Throws ball overhead

o Catches ball reliably

 5 Years

o Jumps rope

o Walks backward

o Throws and catches a ball

3. Cognitive development

-Piaget: preoperational stage

-Moves from totally egocentric thoughts to social awareness and the ability to

consider the viewpoint of others

-Magical thinking:

-Thoughts are all-powerful and can cause events to occur

-Animism:

-Ascribing life-like qualities to inanimate objects

4. Psychosocial development

-Erikson: Initiative vs. guilt:

-Preschoolers become energetic learners, despite not having all of the physical

abilities necessary to be successful at everything

-Guilt can occur when preschoolers believe they have misbehaved or when

they are unable to accomplish a task

-During stress, insecurity, or illness, preschoolers can regress to previous immature

behaviors or develop habits (nose picking, bed-wetting, thumb sucking)