1. During the first trimester of pregnancy, which nutrient is essential to prevent neural tube defects? A) Iron B) Folic Acid C) Vitamin D D) Calcium Answer: B) Folic Acid Rationale: Folic acid is crucial in the early stages of pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus. 2. Which dietary component should be increased in the second trimester to support fetal growth? A) Proteins B) Carbohydrates C) Fats D) Fiber Answer: A) Proteins Rationale: Proteins are the building blocks of cells and are essential for the growth and development of the fetus during the second trimester. 3. What is the recommended increase in caloric intake during the second trimester of pregnancy? A) 150-300 calories B) 300-450 calories C) 450-600 calories D) No increase is necessary Answer: B) 300-450 calories Rationale: An additional 300-450 calories per day are recommended in the second trimester to support fetal growth and maternal health. 4. Which nutrient's recommended intake does not increase during pregnancy? A) Iron B) Folate C) Calcium D) Vitamin C Answer: D) Vitamin C