1. What is the primary function of the nephron in the urinary system? A. To produce hormones B. To regulate blood pressure C. To remove waste products from the blood D. To aid in digestion Answer: C. The primary function of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, is to filter blood and remove waste products, which are then excreted as urine. 2. Which structure in the urinary system is responsible for transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder? A. Urethra B. Ureter C. Renal vein D. Renal pelvis Answer: B. The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. 3. What role does the urinary bladder play in the body? A. It filters waste from the blood. B. It stores urine until it is excreted. C. It secretes enzymes for digestion. D. It absorbs nutrients. Answer: B. The urinary bladder serves as a temporary storage reservoir for urine. 4. During micturition, which muscle contracts to expel urine from the bladder? A. Detrusor muscle B. Sphincter muscle C. Abdominal muscle D. Pelvic muscle Answer: A. The detrusor muscle contracts during micturition to release urine from the bladder. 5. What is the term for the presence of high levels of urea in the blood? A. Hematuria