CLEP American Government 2023 Test With Solution
CLEP American Government 2023
Test With Solution
Barron v Baltimore, 1833ANSWER determind that Bill of Rights applied to the Fed govt
and did not bind state govts, confirmed dual citizenship (citizens of both fed govt and
state they reside in)
federalismANSWER practiced in US, system of govt that divides govt responsibilities
between state and fed govts
layer-cake federalismANSWER implies that the powers of the central and state govts are
separate but overlapping
dual federalismANSWER idea that national and state govts are sovereign in their own
distinct spheres, clear distinctions between govts
cooperative federalismANSWER also known as marble-cake federalism, emphasizes
responsibilities of state govts and the fed govt overlap, shared responsibilities
commerce clauseANSWER Article 1, Sec 2, fed courts use to enhance power of national
govt, Congress has power to regulate commerce that takes place between States
equal protection clauseANSWER 14th Amendment, strike down segregationist laws
de jure segregationANSWER segregation as a matter of law
de facto segregationANSWER segregation resulting from the fact that people of different
colors lived in different areas and therefore went to different schools
categorical grantsANSWER grants to fund specific projects
block grantsANSWER federal grants with fewer strings attached, states prefer these to
categorical grants
unfunded mandateANSWER fed govt instructs a state to meet certain requirements
without providing funding, for example the Real ID Act of 2005
devolutionANSWER shifting of power
Article IIIANSWER Constitution, federal court system
solicitor generalANSWER presidential appointee within the Justice Dept who argues on
the government's behalf
writ of certiorariANSWER first step in a case being heard by the Supreme Court, calls for
lower court to send records related to the case
remandedANSWER the case is sent back to a lower court for retrial
opinion per curiamANSWER an unsigned opinion
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