Exam 1: NSG123/ NSG 123 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Med Surg 1| Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Herzing

Exam 1: NSG123/ NSG 123 (Latest 2024/

2025 Update) Med Surg 1| Guide with

Questions and Verified Answers| 100%

Correct- Herzing

Q: Incompetent Patient

Answer:

Legal definition: individual who is not autonomous and cannot give or withhold consent (e.g.,

individuals who are cognitively impaired, mentally ill, or neurologically incapacitated).

Q: Ethical Considerations with Consent

Answer:

non-English speaking patients, cognitive impairment, emergency surgery, language barriers etc.

Q: Reasons surgery may be delayed or postponed

Answer:

1. Poor nutrition or hydration status

2. Respiratory Infection (elective surgery)

3. Infection

4. Anesthetic Allergies

5. Drugs & Alcohol

6. Uncontrolled hypertension

7. Medications such as diuretics, steroids, insulins, opioids, anticoagulants

Q: Perioperative Patient Teachings

Answer:

Discontinue smoking 30 days prior

Stop any OTC herbal medications 2 weeks prior

Stop aspirin or anticoagulant 7-10 days prior

Nothing by mouth

Q: What is done in the OR to maintain asepsis?

Answer:

All surgical supplies are sterilized

All personal wash and scrub hands and arms with antiseptic soap

Only those who have taken proper sanitary precautions can touch sterilized objects

Surgical team members wear long-sleeved, sterile gowns and gloves. Head and hair are covered

with a cap, and a mask

Q: Unrestricted Zone

Answer:

street clothes are allowed

Q: Semi-Restricted Zone

Answer:

where attire consists of scrub clothes and caps

Q: Restricted Zone

Answer:

where scrub clothes, shoe covers, caps, and masks are worn. The surgeons and other surgical

team members wear additional sterile clothing and protective devices during surgery.

Q: Circulating Nurse Role

Answer:

: the circulating nurse manages the OR and protects the patient's safety and health by monitoring

the activities of the surgical team, checking the OR conditions, and continually assessing the

patient for signs of injury and implementing appropriate interventions. A foremost responsibility

includes verifying consent; if not obtained, surgery may not commence. The team is coordinated

by the circulating nurse, who ensures cleanliness, proper temperature, humidity, appropriate

lighting, safe function of equipment, and the availability of supplies and materials. circulating

nurse is responsible for ensuring that the second verification of the surgical procedure and site

takes place and is documented.

Q: Scrub Nurse/Surgical Tech Role

Answer:

performs the activities of the scrub role, including performing hand hygiene; setting up the

sterile equipment, tables and sterile field; preparing sutures, ligatures, and special equipment and

assisting the surgeon and the surgical assistants during the procedure by anticipating the

instruments and supplies that will be required, such as sponges, drains, and other equipment. As

the surgical incision is closed, the scrub person and the circulating nurse count all needles,

sponges, and instruments to be sure that they are accounted for and not retained as a foreign body

in the patient

Q: Registered Nurse First Assist Role

Answer:

Practices under direct supervision of the surgeon. RNFA responsibilities may include handling

tissue, providing exposure at the operative field, suturing, and maintaining hemostasis

Q: Prevention of Wound Dehiscence

Answer:

An abdominal binder can provide support and guard against dehiscence and may be used along

with the primary dressing, especially in patients with weak or pendulous abdominal walls or

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