An 87 F has bilateral rale. what should you suspect? - ANS-pulmonary edema what is the most common complaint of patients with cardiac compromise? - ANSdyspnea a 56M complains of "squeezing" chest pain after doing yard work. He states the pain has subsided slightly with rest. what should you do? - ANS-administer aspirin what are the four valves of the heart? - ANS-mitral, tricuspid, pulmonic, aortic a 75M describes sharp, tearing pain in his abdomen and back. BP 114/-- in his left arm and 60/0 in the right arm. he is cool, pale and diaphoretic. what should you suspect. - ANS-aortic dissection a 76F complains of chest pain on the right side directly above her 4th intercostal space. she states that she has a "hip replaced" a couple of weeks ago and that she is recovering well. what should you suspect? - ANS-pulmonary embolism a 32F attempted to commit suicide by taking sleeping pills and cutting her wrists. She has dark red blood oozing from her wrist lacerations. what type of bleeding and shock is she experiencing? - ANS-venous bleeding and hypovolemic shock a 71F is short of breath and has lower leg pain. she took 2 doses of her prescribed nitroglycerine and 324mg aspirin 10 minutes ago. vital signs are BP 160/90, P 88, Spo2 88%. what should you do? - ANS-apply oxygen by non-rebreather an 84M is in cardiac arrest in the passenger seat of a vehicle following a single car crash. the driver tells you that his passenger complained of chest pain prior to the crash. what should you do? - ANS-remove the pt from the car and begin CPR a 62F complains of chest pain and shortness of breath. she is extremely anxious. vital signs are BP 80/56, P 118, R 24 with crackles, Sp02 87%. what is the most likely cause? - ANS-Cardiogenic shock what are the contraindications for nitroglycerine? - ANS-hypotension, use of Viagra or similar drug within 24 hours what type of drug is nitroglycerine and what is the dose and frequency it can be administered? - ANS-vasodilator, 0.3-0.4 sublingual tablet or spray. every 3-5 minutes up to 3 times a 64M is unresponsive. bystanders tell you he has been down for 10-15 minutes and resuscitation efforts have not been attempted. what should you do? - ANS-assess the carotid pulse what does the O in OPQRST stand for? - ANS-onset a 42F is unconscious and apneic. what should you do? - ANS-assess the carotid pulse an unrestrained 47F is in cardiac arrest after a car crash on the freeway. she has been pulseless for 20 minutes and CPR was withheld. what should you do? - ANSstart CPR An 84F becomes unconscious while eating her breakfast. her home-care nurse states she was "fine one minute and then complained of a bad headache" before loosing consciousness. vital signs are BP 178/120, P 62, R 10 and regular. what should you do? - ANS-hemorrhagic stoke what cardiac dysrhythmia will an AED defibrillate? - ANS-V-tach What does the P in OPQRST stand for? - ANS-Provocation/palliation (what makes it better or worse?) a 45M has chest pain. what should you determine before administering nitroglycerine? - ANS-blood pressure why do pts with cardiac compromise have chest pain? - ANS-there is not enough oxygen to the heart what should you do when the AED is analyzing? - ANS-do not touch the pt a 45F has ROSC after 10 minutes in cardiac arrest. she is unresponsive. vitals are BP 96/40, P 88, R 18, Sp02 74%. what should you do? - ANS-position her in the recovery position and apply oxygen a 55F is unconscious, apneic, and pulseless. what should you do? - ANS-begin CPR and apply AED a 57M complains of chest pain. he is slightly pale but warm and dry. he has a 20- year cardiac history and is taking metoprolol. vital signs are BP 86/64, P 84, R 22. what should you do? - ANS-administer 324mg aspirin what lung sounds would you expect to hear in an elderly pt with left-sided heart failure? - ANS-crackles how should you treat asystole in a pt? - ANS-provide chest compressions how does the blood flow through the heart? - ANS-rights atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle a systolic BP is lss then 90. what does this indicate? - ANS-hypotension