1. What event sparked the beginning of the Great Depression in the United States in 1929? A) The stock market crash B) The Dust Bowl C) The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act D) The collapse of the banking system Answer: A) The stock market crash Rationale: The Great Depression began with the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, also known as Black Tuesday, which led to a collapse in stock prices and a widespread panic among investors. 2. Which President implemented the New Deal programs in response to the Great Depression? A) Herbert Hoover B) Franklin D. Roosevelt C) Calvin Coolidge D) Warren G. Harding Answer: B) Franklin D. Roosevelt Rationale: President Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented the New Deal programs to address the economic crisis of the Great Depression and provide relief to the American people. 3. What was the purpose of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) created under the New Deal?