1. A patient with chronic kidney disease requires dietary modifications.

Which nutrient should be primarily limited?

 - A) Carbohydrates

 - B) Proteins

 - C) Fats

 - D) Vitamins

 Answer: B) Proteins

 Rationale: Patients with chronic kidney disease need to limit protein

intake to reduce the workload on the kidneys, which are responsible for

filtering waste products from the blood.

2. Which vitamin is most important for calcium absorption in the body?

 - A) Vitamin A

 - B) Vitamin C

 - C) Vitamin D

 - D) Vitamin E

 Answer: C) Vitamin D

 Rationale: Vitamin D enhances the absorption of calcium from the gut,

which is crucial for bone health and prevention of osteoporosis.

3. When educating a patient with celiac disease about gluten-free diet,

which grain should be avoided?

 - A) Rice

 - B) Quinoa

 - C) Barley

 - D) Corn

 Answer: C) Barley

 Rationale: Barley contains gluten, which can damage the small intestine

in individuals with celiac disease.

4. A nurse is assessing a patient's risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. Which

of the following factors would increase the risk?

 - A) Vegan diet

 - B) High meat consumption

 - C) Use of antacid medications

 - D) Both A and C

 Answer: D) Both A and C

 Rationale: A vegan diet lacks animal products, the primary source of