MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
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MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 1 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
All of the following are associated with filtration EXCEPT:
A) nitrocellulose or plastic membrane filters.
B) varying thicknesses of membrane filters used.
C) HEPA filters are used to filter air.
D) viruses and proteins can be trapped by some filters.
E) sterilization of heat-sensitive materials. - ANSWER- B) varying
thicknesses of membrane filters used.
Describe some factors that can either increase or decrease the
effectiveness of antimicrobial agents. - ANSWER- duration of exposure-
->in general, longer/increased exposure time, increases efficiency of the
agent
concentration of the agent-->in general increase concentration of agent
increases efficiency...however saturable once agent reaches max kill,
rate increases, does not drop efficiency.
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presence of organic debris-->debris may be food, feces, blood, vomit,
skin, hair, etc. it also blocks agent from receiving microbes: may need to
pre clean. in general increased debris decreases efficiency.
surface features-->in general rougher/more porous surface, decreases
efficiency. ideally wants agent with low surface tension.
*water has high tension surface
*tension goes in to cracks/pores
temperature-->in general a temperature increases efficiency. usually
increased temperature reduces time required to clean and reduces
concentration level.
*less to do with agent
*more to do with microbe
population size(how many microbes are present)-->in general larger
population/more microbes present, decreases efficiency. most agents
have a defined kill rate. the larger the population the more time to kill
eg.. agent-->50% per minute kill rate(pop. a. 100-50-25-12-6-3-1-0) 1
minute to kill
population composition-->in general, more diverse/mixed population,
decrease efficiency. population may be diverse in many different groups
of microbes present, presence of endospore forming species, age of
cells(older/mature cells more difficult to kill)
eg.. pop. b. (1000-500-250-125-62-31-16-8-4-2-1-0) 11 minutes to kill
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The spores of which of the following microbes are the most resistant to
every known sterilization technique? - ANSWER- Bacillus
stearothermophilus
Match the pioneer(s) in microbiology with their accomplishment(s).
Fleming
Snow
Jenner
Ehrlich
Watson & Crick - ANSWER- idk
Fleming- immunologist and discovered lysosome and penicillin
Snow- epidemiology and infection control (emerging infectious disease)
Jenner- Immunology (Developed smallpox immunization)
Ehrlich - chemotherapy
Watson & Crick - discovered DNA molecule
Compare and contrast the three domains identifies by Woese-Eukarya,
Bacteria, and Archaea. - ANSWER- written
A bacterial capsule
A. is generally composed of polysaccharide
B. facilitates nonspecific adherence
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C. is antiphagocytic
D. is external to the cell wall
E. all of the above - ANSWER- E. all of the above
A bacterial cell that is moving away from a toxic pollutant in the
environment during the daylight is said to exhibit - ANSWER- negative
chemotaxis
If a microbiology lab technician left the safranin out of the Gram stain
procedure, what would be the result? - ANSWER- Gram-positive cells
would be purple, and Gram negative cells would be colorless.
The number of bacteria resulting from the growth of one bacterium
through five generations: - ANSWER- idk
Which of the following quantification techniques can distinguish
between living and dead cells in a culture?
A) microscopic counts
B) dry weight
C) metabolic activity
D) a Coulter counter
E) turbidity - ANSWER- C) metabolic activity
A cell that uses an organic carbon source and obtains energy from a light
would be called a
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