1. Which of the following actions demonstrates an ethical initiative from a

healthcare provider's perspective?

a) Sharing confidential patient information with colleagues

b) Disclosing potential risks and benefits of a medical procedure to a

patient

c) Accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies in exchange for

promoting their products

d) Discriminating against patients based on race or religion

Answer: (b) Disclosing potential risks and benefits of a medical procedure

to a patient

Rationale: It is essential for healthcare providers to prioritize patients'

autonomy and informed consent by providing accurate and unbiased

information. Sharing confidential patient information without consent

(option a) violates patient privacy rights. Accepting gifts from

pharmaceutical companies (option c) can create conflicts of interest and

compromise patient care. Discrimination (option d) goes against the

principles of equality and fairness.

2. Which legal initiative has been implemented to ensure patient

confidentiality and privacy in healthcare settings?

a) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

b) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)

c) The Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

d) The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

Answer: (a) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

(HIPAA)

Rationale: HIPAA was introduced to protect patient privacy and establish

standards for the secure storage and transmission of health information.

The Affordable Care Act (option b) addresses healthcare affordability and

accessibility. The Family Medical Leave Act (option c) offers jobprotected unpaid leave for specific family and medical reasons. The