1. What is the primary goal of public health systems? A) To treat individual illnesses B) To promote healthcare equity C) To manage hospital finances D) To conduct medical research Answer: B) To promote healthcare equity Rationale: The primary goal of public health systems is to ensure that all individuals have access to the necessary resources to maintain their health, which includes the equitable distribution of healthcare services. 2. Which of the following best describes the role of a public health administrator? A) Providing direct patient care B) Designing health promotion programs C) Conducting laboratory tests D) Prescribing medications Answer: B) Designing health promotion programs Rationale: Public health administrators are responsible for planning and implementing policies and programs that promote the health of populations, rather than providing direct patient care. 3. In the context of public health, what does the term 'epidemiology' refer to? A) The study of health insurance policies B) The distribution and determinants of health-related states C) The management of hospital staff D) The development of new medical treatments Answer: B) The distribution and determinants of health-related states Rationale: Epidemiology is the study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why, which is essential for public health interventions. 4. What is a key characteristic of an effective public health surveillance system? A) Ability to provide individual patient diagnoses B) Capacity to predict private healthcare trends C) Timeliness in detecting public health threats D) Focus on pharmaceutical advancements