What is the basic unit of the nervous system and what is its function?

Answer: The basic unit of the nervous system is the neuron. Neurons

transmit electrical signals (action potentials) from one part of the body to

another, allowing for communication within the nervous system.

Rationale: This question tests the students' understanding of the

fundamental building block of the nervous system and its role in

transmitting signals.

2. What are the three main types of neurons and how do they function

differently?

Answer: The three main types of neurons are sensory neurons, motor

neurons, and interneurons. Sensory neurons transmit sensory information

from the body to the central nervous system. Motor neurons transmit

signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, resulting

in movement and the release of hormones. Interneurons connect sensory

and motor neurons within the central nervous system.

Rationale: This question assesses the students' knowledge of the different

types of neurons and their specific functions.

3. Explain the process of an action potential.

Answer: An action potential is a rapid change in the electrical potential

across the membrane of a neuron. It begins with a depolarization phase

when the neuron's membrane potential becomes more positive, followed

by a repolarization phase when the membrane potential returns to its

resting state. This is achieved through the opening and closing of ion

channels, specifically sodium and potassium channels.

Rationale: This question assesses the students' understanding of the