1. What is metabolism and how does it relate to weight loss

or weight maintenance? Provide examples of metabolic

processes occurring in the body.

Answer: Metabolism refers to the sum of all chemical

reactions that occur in the body to sustain life. It

determines how efficiently the body converts food into

energy. A higher metabolic rate can aid weight loss as it

burns more calories, while a lower metabolic rate may lead

to weight gain. Examples of metabolic processes include

digestion, absorption, and cellular respiration.

2. Explain the role of basal metabolic rate (BMR) in weight

management. How can BMR be influenced?

Answer: Basal metabolic rate (BMR) represents the

number of calories the body needs to perform basic

functions at rest. Understanding BMR is crucial for weight

management as it provides a baseline for calorie intake.

Factors influencing BMR include age, gender, body

composition, hormone levels, and genetic factors.

Generally, individuals with a higher muscle mass tend to

have a higher BMR, contributing to weight loss or

maintenance.

3. How can physical activity impact metabolism? Discuss

the concept of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

(EPOC) and its relationship to weight loss.

Answer: Physical activity has a significant impact on

metabolism. It increases energy expenditure, both during

exercise and post-exercise. Excess post-exercise oxygen