1. What is the primary purpose of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM)? A) To monitor the baby's heart rate during labor and delivery. B) To provide entertainment for the laboring mother. C) To measure the strength of labor contractions. D) To assess the mother's heart rate. Answer: A Rationale: The primary purpose of EFM is to monitor the fetal heart rate and rhythm during labor and delivery, which can provide critical information about the baby's oxygenation and well-being. 2. Which of the following is a recognized limitation of EFM? A) It can only be used during preterm labor. B) It is unable to detect fetal heart rates accurately. C) It may lead to an increased rate of interventions, such as cesarean deliveries. D) It is less accurate than maternal perception of fetal movement. Answer: C Rationale: While EFM is a valuable tool, its use has been associated with an increase in interventions like cesarean deliveries without clear evidence of improved outcomes for lowrisk pregnancies. 3. In the context of EFM, what does the term 'baseline' refer to? A) The mother's resting heart rate. B) The average fetal heart rate during a 10-minute period. C) The lowest heart rate recorded during labor. D) The initial heart rate recorded at the beginning of labor. Answer: B Rationale: The 'baseline' in EFM refers to the average fetal heart rate when there is no uterine contraction, typically calculated over