Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update) Exam Prep with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A

Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA (Latest

2023/ 2024 Update) Exam Prep with

Questions and Verified Answers| 100%

Correct| Grade A

Q: is ataxia ipsilateral or contralateral to the side of the lesion? why?

Answer:

Ipsilateral; pathways from the cerebellum to the lateral motor systems and periphery are "double

crossed"

Q: What do midline lesions cause?

Answer:

unsteady gait (truncal ataxia) and eye movement abnormalities

Q: What do lesions lateral to the vermis cause?

Answer:

limb ataxia (appendicular ataxia)

Q: During double crossing of the pathways, where is the first crossing?

Answer:

exits at superior cerebellar peduncle and crosses

Q: During double crossing of the pathways, where is the second crossing?

Answer:

pyramidal decussation and ventral tegmental decussation (then influence musculature via

corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts)

Q: Do lesions of the cerebellar vermis cause unilateral deficits? Why/why not?

Answer:

They do not; the medial motor systems influence the proximal trunk muscles bilaterally

Q: pyramidal decussation is part of what tract?

Answer:

lateral corticospinal tract

Q: ventral tegmental decussation is part of what tract?

Answer:

rubrospinal tract

Q: pontocerebellar fibers

Answer:

pons --> cerebellum; primary motor cortex, primary sensory cortex, and primary visual cortex;

enter the contralateral middle cerebellar peduncle and gives rise to mossy fibers that reach almost

the entire cerebellar cortex

main origin of input: cortex

cells projecting: pontine nuclei

Q: spinocerebellar fibers

Answer:

travel in four tracts: the dorsal and ventral spinocerebellar tracts for the lower extremities and the

cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tracts

Q: afferent information about limb movement is conveyed to the cerebellum by the _______

________ ____ for the lower extremity

- unconscious proprioception of limb movements

(ipsilateral)

Answer:

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Q: afferent information about limb movement is conveyed to the cerebellum by the ________

_____ for the upper extremity and neck

- unconscious proprioception of limb movements

(ipsilateral)

Answer:

cuneocerebellar tract

Q: ventral spinocerebellar tract

Answer:

information about activity of spinal cord interneurons for the lower extremity is carried by the

(double crossing)

Q: rostral spinocerebellar tract

Answer:

information about activity of spinal cord interneurons for the upper extremity is carried by the

(double crossing)

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