How long after being deprived of oxygen do cells start to die? After 3-5 minutes What is shock? Life-threatening condition that occurs when the cardiovascular system fails for some reason, and is unable to circulate adequate amounts of oxygen around the body. List the features of shock Skin is cold & clammy Very weak Unable to stand up Pale skin (even blue or grey) What does AED stand for? automated external defibrillator The resuscitation council guidelines indicate that for each minute CPR is delayed there is a ? reduction in survival rates? 10% What is agonal breathing? Barely breathing or taking infrequent, noisy gasps. These usually occur about every 10-15 seconds How common is agonal breathing? 40% of patients. What should happen if there is doubt about whether a collapsed person is displaying agonal breathing? It should be assumed that they are not breathing What is haemophilia? Hemophilia is usually an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. What piece of information is collected in module 0 that influences the pathways you can choose at the body map? Whether the problem is trauma (injury) or non-trauma (illness) What is the definition of chronic illness? A condition that persists over a long period of time. Symptoms appear gradually and get worse despite treatment and change very slowly What are the 5 age groups within the system and what age range does each of these cover? Neonate - 0-1hour Infant - 1 hour - 12 months Toddler - 1 - 5 years Child - 5 - 16 years Adult - 16years and over What do you use when someone's symptoms are very vague and there is no specific pathway available? Use "other symptoms" pathway What is a MedicAlert? Medical alert bracelet/pendant which identifies their condition and helps healthcare professionals treat them appropriately Define what is meant by Blunt injury? The skin or other body surface has not been broken but damage has still occurred What does an anticoagulant do? Makes the blood less prone to clotting and causes blood to take longer to stop. What is a rigor and why does it occur? Violent shivering that occurs with a fever. Because the body's muscles are shivering very hard in an attempt to raise body temperature to the new level set by the thermostat. In litres, what is blood volume in a typical adult? 4-5 Litres List 3 injuries that are always treated as serious? A fall from a height Major burns Being struck by lightening What is the most common cause of death in children? Injuries What age group is most vulnerable to abuse? Children under 1 (Neonate/Toddlers) What age related factor makes elderly people more prone to bone fractures? Thinning of bones, Loss of balance Instability Can you name a condition, which as well as making a pregnant woman unwell, can also harm the baby? Exclampsia What proportion of people will suffer from a mental health disorder at some point in their life? 1 in 4 How are mental health disorders broadly categorised? Common & Severe mental health disorders Describe the term bipolar disorder? Manic depression, experiences severe mood swings, From high active episodes to very low depressed periods Describe the term dementia? Dementia is a progressive and largely irreversible condition that involves widespread damage to the mental functioning of the brain causing memory loss. Describe the term post-traumatic stress disorder? Affecting individuals who have experienced traumatic experiences and it affects there day to day activities and mental health. Describe the term psychosis? Loss of touch with reality, may include hearing voices, seeing something that no one else sees, holding unusual personally derived beliefs and experience changes in perception. Describe the term schizophrenia? A chronic brain disorder when active symptoms can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech, trouble with thinking & lack of motivation What is the name for a type of tumor that doesn't spread to other parts of the body? Benign What is the name for a type of tumor that can spread to other parts of your body? Cancer What is meant by the term compensation in relation to blood loss? Various complex mechanisms in the body come into effect which help try and make up or compensate for the blood loss