Communication Basics ModuleAccording to the Circular Transaction Process, the following items are necessary for effective communication to occur (select all that apply): ● Referent ● Channel ● Sender ● Receiver ● Message ● Feedback ● Environment Interpersonal Variables: Factors that affect communication, such as attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and understanding of the message. Referent: A factor or stimulus that causes the sender to initiate the communication. Stimulates a message that is sent through a channel to the receiver. True: The channel of communication plays a large role in the quality of the communication. For example, the understanding of a message might change dramatically depending on how it is delivered. Initiates the communication: Sender Receives the message, interprets it and provides feedback, therefore completing the communication cycle: Receiver Feedback: The message that is received back by the sender from the receiver of the original message. Environment: The setting in which the communication is occurring. Communication: Promoters & BarriersIt is a good chance someone who is hearing-impaired may have adaptive equipment (hearing aid, amplifier, etc.) If not, this might be a good time to refer for these types of services. Lip reading is inaccurate, and exaggerated lip movements typically don't help. Communicating only through written information assumes the patient has a high level of health literacy; best to use multiple forms of communication. Keep your communication short and clear, and be sure to give the patient an opportunity to respond with questions.