1. A 60-year-old woman presents with a chief complaint of uncomfortable breathing on exertion. She has had a minimally productive cough for several years that does not bother her. On further questioning, she states that her breathing gets much worse when she lies down. The most likely cause of her dyspnea is: Cardiac 2. A 68-year-old male presents with a chief complaint of episodes of lightheadedness or dizziness. He statesthatsweating, tachycardia, and some hand trembling are often associated with these episodes. Which one of the following questions should you ask to help confirm the diagnosis? Are these symptoms related to eating? 3. A 68-year-old male presents with a chief complaint of episodic dizziness. Although not dizzy at present, he states that he has noted onset of dizzy episodes when he rolls over in bed and occasionally when he turns his head rapidly. Episodes last about 3 minutes. The most likely diagnosis is: Benign positional vertigo 4. A 75-year old resident in the nursing home has end stage dementia and experiences a 10- pound weight loss over the course of 2 months. The resident has become increasingly difficult to feed and often spits out food, pockets food, and frequently drools. The family is concerned about the resident's nutritional status. What is the initial action of the nurse practitioner? order a swallow evaluation 5. A 77-year-old client being treated for glaucoma asks the nurse practitioner what causes glaucoma. The nurse bases the response on the knowledge that the increase in intraocular pressure is a result of: a breakdown in the absorption process 6. . A 78-year-old man is being evaluated in the geriatric clinic. His daughter reports that he has been very forgetful lately, and she is concerned that he might be "senile." The advanced practice nurse administers the clock drawing test and the patient draws a distorted circular shape and places the numbers all on one side of the shape. Based on his performance, the nurse concludes that the patient: needsfurther evaluation 7. The abrupt onset of symptoms of stress or urge incontinence is most often due to a urinary tract infection True 8. After first managing the pain being experienced by the client with gout, the treatment focuses on: Preventing systemic involvement by altering the client's diet 9. Based on current demographic data, which statement identifies a predictive trend regarding the health care needs of society? More nursing services will be required to serve the needs of the population 85 years of age and older. 10. The caregiver for an older adult with cognitive impairment is concerned about the individual's seeming disinterest in eating. Which suggestion does the nurse practitioner offer based upon a known effect of dementia on a client's nutrition? Establish a routine of when and where the individual will have their meals. 11. A client is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which diagnostic test will best evaluate the management plan prescribed for this client? Quarterly hemoglobin A1C 12. Compared with acute pain, persistent chronic pain requires the nurse practitioner to: Educate the patient to the benefit of specific lifestyle changes 13. Ethnocentrism is defined as: a belief that one's ethnic group is superior to that of another true 14. The FANCAPES assessment tool focuses on the older adult's: ability to meet personal needs to identify the amount of assistance needed 15. The following are true statements about bipolar disordersin older adults except "Bipolar disorder is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in older adults." 16. The greatest risk for injury for a client with progressed Parkinson's disease is: Falls 17. In the elderly population, the fastest growing group is the age range: 85 years or older 18. It has been projected that the cultural group presenting the greatest growth rate among the older adult population will be the: Hispanic Americans 19. The nurse is teaching a health promotion class at a senior center. Which of the following statements demonstrate that the participant does not understand the topic: "We need to use caustic soaps and scrub aggressively with a wash cloth bathing to minimize bacteria on the skin."