Chapter 21. Drugs Affecting the Endocrine System

1. Sitagliptin has been approved for:

A. Monotherapy in once-daily doses

B. Combination therapy with metformin

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

2. GLP-1 agonists:

A. Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell

B. Have been approved for monotherapy

C. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite

D. Can be given orally once daily

3. Avoid concurrent administration of exenatide with which of the following drugs?

A. Digoxin

B. Warfarin

C. Lovastatin

D. All of the above

4. Administration of exenatide is by subcutaneous injection:

A. 30 minutes prior to the morning meal

B. 60 minutes prior to the morning and evening meal

C. 15 minutes after the evening meal

D. 60 minutes before each meal daily

5. Potentially fatal granulocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:

A. Tinnitus and decreased salivation

B. Fever and sore throat

C. Hypocalcemia and osteoporosis

D. Laryngeal edema and difficulty swallowing

6. When blood glucose levels are difficult to control in type 2 diabetes some form of insulin may be added to the treatment regimen to control blood glucose and limit complication risks. Which of the following statements is accurate based on research?

A. Premixed insulin analogues are better at lowering HbA1C and have less risk for hypoglycemia.

B. Premixed insulin analogues and the newer premixed insulins are associated with more weight gain than the oral antidiabetic agents.

C. Newer premixed insulins are better at lowering HbA1C and postprandial glucose levels than long-acting insulins.

D. Patients who are not controlled on oral agents and have postprandial hyperglycemia can have neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin added at bedtime.

7. Metformin is a primary choice of drug to treat hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes because it:

A. Substitutes for insulin usually secreted by the pancreas

B. Decreases glycogenolysis by the liver

C. Increases the release of insulin from beta cells

D. Decreases peripheral glucose utilization