1. A nurse is conducting a home visit for a client with chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse observes that the

client has difficulty breathing, cyanosis of the lips and nail beds, and

a productive cough with yellowish sputum. The nurse also notices

that the client's home is poorly ventilated and has a strong smell of

cigarette smoke. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse

to take in this situation?

a) Advise the client to quit smoking and refer them to a smoking

cessation program.

b) Administer oxygen therapy and monitor the client's vital signs.

c) Educate the client about the signs and symptoms of COPD

exacerbation and when to seek medical help.

d) *Assess the client's oxygen saturation level and respiratory status,

and contact the primary care provider for further instructions.*

Rationale: The correct answer is d. The nurse should first assess the

client's oxygen saturation level and respiratory status, as these are

indicators of hypoxemia and respiratory distress, which are lifethreatening conditions. The nurse should then contact the primary

care provider for further instructions, as the client may need

medication adjustment or hospitalization. The other options are not

as urgent or appropriate as option d, although they may be part of

the long-term management plan for the client.

2. A nurse is working in a community health center that provides

services for low-income and uninsured populations. The nurse is

assigned to conduct a health promotion workshop for a group of

women who are at risk for cervical cancer. The nurse plans to use the

Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework for the workshop.