1. During middle adulthood, physiological changes affect most bodily systems.These changes include: a. increased cardiac output. b. increased glomerular filtration rates. c. thinning of the intervertebral disks. d. decreased bone density and mass.: Answer c 2. The leading causes of death in middle adulthood, in bothWhite and Blackpopulations, are the same and include: a. heart disease. b. kidney disease. c. respiratory disease. d. gastrointestinal disease.: Answer a 3. The nurse initiates an exercise program with middle-aged adults by: a. planning physical activity for a minimum of 45 minutes. b. considering activities that have the least potential for injury. c. counseling the adult that exercise should be rigorous to produce results. d. advising that the heart rate should double during exercise for cardiovascular benefits to be achieved.: Answer b 4. Bloom (1984) has developed a hierarchy of cognitive levels in the adultlearner.The analysis cognitive level for the adult learner would be: a. recalling specific facts. b. grasping the meaning of the communicated message. c. breaking down material into its constituent parts while noting their relation-ship. d. applying knowledge in the form of abstractions and ideas to concretesituations.: Answer c