1. A patient with chronic heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet.

Which meal option would be most appropriate for this patient?

 A) Tomato soup with crackers

 B) Grilled salmon with wild rice

 C) Ham and cheese sandwich

 D) Caesar salad with chicken

 Answer: B) Grilled salmon with wild rice

 Rationale: Patients with heart failure should avoid high-sodium foods to

prevent fluid retention. Grilled salmon and wild rice are low in sodium

and appropriate for a heart-healthy diet.

2. During a blood transfusion, a patient begins to exhibit signs of an

allergic reaction. What is the first action the nurse should take?

 A) Stop the transfusion immediately

 B) Administer an antihistamine

 C) Notify the physician

 D) Check the patient's vital signs

 Answer: A) Stop the transfusion immediately

 Rationale: If an allergic reaction is suspected, the first step is to stop the

transfusion to prevent further exposure to the allergen.

3. A nurse is teaching a patient about managing hypertension. Which

statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

 A) "I will limit my caffeine intake."

 B) "I will monitor my blood pressure at home."

 C) "I can add salt to my food as long as I take my medication."

 D) "I will try to exercise for 30 minutes most days."

 Answer: C) "I can add salt to my food as long as I take my medication."

 Rationale: This statement indicates a misunderstanding. Patients with

hypertension should limit salt intake even when taking antihypertensive

medication.

4. When assessing a patient who has just returned from abdominal

surgery, which finding would be of most concern?

 A) Mild discomfort at the incision site