NUR 631 FINAL EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

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NUR 631 FINAL EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND STUDY

GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 350 QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED

ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

NUR 631 FINAL EXAM

Graves disease (hyperthyroidism) is an example of which type II

hypersensitivity reaction?

a. Modulation

b. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

c. Neutrophil-mediated damage

d. Complement-mediated lysis - ANSWER- ANS: A

Rationale: The antibody reacts with the receptors on the target cell

surface and modulates the function of the receptor by preventing

interactions with their normal ligands, replacing the ligand and

inappropriately stimulating the receptor or destroying the receptor.

For example, in the hyperthyroidism (excessive thyroid activity) of

Graves disease, autoantibody binds to and activates receptors for

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (a pituitary hormone that

controls the production of the hormone thyroxine by the thyroid).

Graves disease is not a result of cell- mediated cytotoxicity,

neutrophil-mediated damage, or complement-mediated lysis.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated with which type of

hypersensitivity reaction? a. I

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b. II c. III d. IV - ANSWER- ANS: A

Hypersensitivity reactions have been divided into four distinct

types: type I (IgE-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions, type II

(tissue-specific) hypersensitivity reactions, type III (immune

complex-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions, and type IV (cellmediated) hypersensitivity reactions.

A Rh-negative woman gave birth to a Rh-positive baby. When

discussing Rho[D] immunoglobulin with her, what information should

the healthcare professional provide?

It provides protection against infection from poor immunity in the baby.

It prevents alloimmunity and hemolytic anemia of the newborn.

It provides necessary antibodies in case the mother doesn't breastfeed.

It causes the intestinal tract of the newborn to produce antibodies. -

ANSWER- ANS: B

Rationale: Alloimmunity occurs when an individual's immune

system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the

same species. This can occur when a woman is Rh-negative and

gives birth to an Rh-positive baby, leading to hemolytic anemia of

the newborn. Rho[D] immunoglobulin does not provide protection

against infection, provide antibodies to a bottle-fed baby, or cause

the intestine to produce antibodies.

Which mother does the healthcare professional prepare to administer Rh

immune globulin (Rho- GAM) to?

a. Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative

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b. Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive

c. Has type A blood and the fetus has type O

d. Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B - ANSWER- ANS: B

Rationale: Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) can

occur only if antigens on fetal erythrocytes differ from antigens on

maternal erythrocytes. Maternal-fetal incompatibility exists only if

the mother and fetus differ in ABO blood type or if the fetus is Rhpositive and the mother is Rh-negative. The healthcare professional

would plan to administer Rho-GAM to the mother who is Rhnegative whose baby is Rh positive.

A patient has microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Which type of treatment

or procedure does the healthcare professional discuss as a potential cure

with the patient?

a. Cord blood transplantation

b. Scheduled infusion of gamma globulins

c. Massive blood transfusions

d. Repeated injections of Rho-GAM - ANSWER- ANS: A

Rationale: Microcytic, hypochromic anemia is one manifestation of

thalassemia. The only definitive cures for this disorder are

allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a

matched family or unrelated donor or cord blood transplantation

from a related donor. Gamma globulins protect the body against

infectious diseases. Blood transfusions can be used to correct low

hemoglobin. Rho-GAM is used in postpartum women who are Rhnegative after delivering an Rh-positive baby to prevent

development of maternal antibodies against the baby's blood.

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An infant was born with hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

(HDFN). What treatment does the healthcare professional anticipate for

this baby?

Administration of intravenous fluids to dilute the blood

Replacement transfusion of Rh-positive blood not contaminated with

anti-Rh

antibodies

Performance of a splenectomy to prevent the destruction of abnormal

erythrocytes

Replacement transfusion of Rh-negative erythrocytes - ANSWER- ANS:

B

Rationale: If antigenic incompatibility of the mother's erythrocytes

is not discovered in time to administer Rh immunoglobulin and the

child is born with HDFN, then the treatment consists of exchange

transfusions in which the neonate's blood is replaced with new Rhpositive blood that is not contaminated with anti-Rh antibodies. This

treatment is administered during the first 24 hours of extrauterine

life to prevent kernicterus. Kernicterus is not prevented by diluting

the blood with IV fluids, splenectomy, or by giving Rh-negative

blood.

A patient asks the healthcare professional why tissue damage occurs in

acute rejection after organ transplantation. What response by the

professional is best?

a. Th1 cells release cytokines that activate infiltrating macrophages, and

cytotoxic T cells directly attack the endothelial cells of the transplanted

tissue.