1. A patient with chronic kidney disease is at risk for developing which

type of electrolyte imbalance?

 A. Hyperkalemia

 B. Hypokalemia

 C. Hyponatremia

 D. Hypercalcemia

 Answer: A. Hyperkalemia

 Rationale: Chronic kidney disease can result in impaired kidney

function, leading to decreased excretion of potassium, thus increasing the

risk of hyperkalemia.

2. Which condition is commonly associated with hypocalcemia?

 A. Dehydration

 B. Pancreatitis

 C. Hypoparathyroidism

 D. Hyperthyroidism

 Answer: C. Hypoparathyroidism

 Rationale: Hypoparathyroidism leads to decreased production of

parathyroid hormone, which is essential for calcium regulation, resulting

in hypocalcemia.

3. An ECG change commonly seen in hyperkalemia is:

 A. Prolonged PR interval

 B. Widened QRS complex

 C. Peaked T waves

 D. ST elevation

 Answer: C. Peaked T waves

 Rationale: Hyperkalemia affects cardiac conduction and can lead to

characteristic ECG changes, including peaked T waves.

4. The nurse recognizes that a patient with which of the following

conditions is at risk for hypernatremia?

 A. Excessive IV fluid administration

 B. Diarrhea

 C. Congestive heart failure

 D. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

 Answer: B. Diarrhea

 Rationale: Diarrhea can lead to loss of water more than sodium,