TRAVEL HAPPY ation gives simple accounts to newly hired employees, and then adds more challenging accounts as employees master the simple tasks. This practice mainly: 1. A. improves role perceptions. 2. B. increases person-job matching. 3. C. reduces employee motivation. 4. D. provides more resources to accomplish the assigned task. 5. E. improves employee aptitudes. Being good-natured, empathetic, caring, and courteous are characteristics of people with personality trait. 1. A. openness to experience 2. B. agreeableness 3. C. locus of control 4. D. emotional stability 5. E. extraversion Assisting coworkers with their work problems, adjusting work schedules to accommodate coworkers, and showing genuine courtesy toward coworkers are some of the forms of: 1. A. role perception. 2. B. counterproductive behavior. 3. C. task performance. 4. D. organizational citizenship. 5. E. job matching. Which of the following acronyms identifies the "Big Five" personality dimensions? 1. A. MBTIA 2. B. CANOE 3. C. VALUE 4. D. MARSE 5. E. SMART refers to goal-directed behaviors under the individual's control that support organizational objectives. 1. A. Organizational citizenship 2. B. Counterproductive behavior 3. C. Task performance 4. D. Maintaining attendance 5. E. Intensity Which of the following concepts consists of aptitudes, skills, and competencies? 1. A. Motivation 2. B. Personality 3. C. Values 4. D. Ethics 5. E. Ability Which of the following best represents the amount of effort allocated to a particular goal? 1. A. Persistence 2. B. Direction 3. C. Intensity 4. D. Aptitude 5. E. Competencies The "Big Five" personality dimensions represent: 1. A. all of the personality traits found in an ideal job applicant. 2. B. the aggregated clusters representing most known personality traits. 3. C. the personality traits caused by the environment rather than heredity. 4. D. the necessary conditions for a person to have extraversion. 5. E. the characteristics of employees with low levels of motivation. You have just hired several new employees who are motivated, able to perform their jobs, and have adequate resources. However, they are not sure what tasks are included in their job. According to the MARS model, these new employees will likely: 1. A. emphasize the utilitarianism principle in their decision making. 2. B. have lower job performance due to poor role perceptions. 3. C. have high job performance because they are motivated and able to perform the work. 4. D. have above-average organizational citizenship. 5. E. have a high degree of differentiation according to Holland's classification of occupations. To reduce the amount of non-recyclable waste that employees throw out each day, a major computer company removed containers for non-recyclable rubbish from each office and workstation. This altered employee behavior mainly by: 1. A. increasing employee motivation to be less wasteful. 2. B. helping employees to learn how to be less wasteful. 3. C. altering situational factors so that employees have more difficulty practicing wasteful behavior. 4. D. increasing aptitudes that make employees less wasteful. 5. E. increasing organizational citizenship so that employees will be less wasteful. Which of the following refers to the natural talents that help employees learn specific tasks more quickly and perform them better? 1. A. Persistence levels 2. B. Direction 3. C. Intensity 4. D. Aptitude 5. E. Commitment Which "Big Five" personality dimension is most valuable for predicting job performance? 1. A. Extraversion 2. B. Openness to experience 3. C. Conscientiousness 4. D. Neuroticism 5. E. Agreeableness Which of the following refers to a person's beliefs about what behaviors are appropriate or necessary in a particular situation? 1. A. Natural aptitudes 2. B. Role perceptions 3. C. Competencies 4. D. Locus of control 5. E. Situational factors Which of the following directly influences an employee's voluntary behavior and performance? 1. A. Role perceptions 2. B. Moral intensity 3. C. Corporate social responsibility 4. D. Uncertainty avoidance 5. E. Income is the relatively stable pattern of behaviors and consistent internal states that explain a person's behavioral tendencies. 1. A. personality 2. B. values 3. C. motivation 4. D. locus of control