Tarasoff Principle - - -1976 - duty to warn victims of potential harm from client Deontological Theory - - -Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself regardless of the consequences Teleological Theory - - -Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence or outcome Virtue ethics - - -ethical theory that states actions are chosen based on the moral virtues (eg. honesty, courage, compassion, wisdom, gratitude, self-respect) or the character of the person making the decision Erikson's developmental stage infancy age range - - -birth-1 year Erikson's developmental stage infancy developmental tasks - - -trust vs. mistrust Erikson's developmental stage infancy indications of developmental mastery - - -Ability to form meaningful relationships, hope about the future trust in others Erikson's developmental stage infancy indication of developmental failure - - -poor relationships, lack of future hope, suspicious of others Erikson's developmental stage early childhood age - - -1-3 yo Erikson's developmental stage early childhood developmental task - - -autonomy vs. shame and doubt Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental mastery - - -self-control, self-esteem, willpower Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental failure - - -poor self-control, low self esteem, self-doubt, lack of independence Erikson's developmental stage late childhood age - - -3-6yo Erikson's developmental stage late childhood developmental task - - -initiative vs guilt Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental mastery - - -self-directed behavior, goal formation, sense of purpose Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental failure - - -lack of selfinitiated behavior, lack of goal orientation Erikson's developmental stage school-age ages - - -6-12yo Erikson's developmental stage school-age developmental task - - -industry vs. inferiority Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental mastery - - -ability to work; sense of competency and achievement Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental failure - - -sense of inferiority, difficulty with working, learning Erikson's developmental stage adolescence ages - - -12-20yo Erikson's developmental stage adolescence developmental task - - -identity vs role confusion Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental mastery - - -personal sense of identity Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental failure - - -identity confusion, poor self-identification in group settings Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood ages - - -20-35 years Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood developmental task - - -intimacy vs isolation Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental mastery - - -committed relationships, capacity to love Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental failure - - -emotional isolation, egocentrism Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood ages - - -35-65 yo Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood developmental task - - -generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental mastery - - -ability to give time and talents to others, ability to care for others Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental failure - - -selfabsorption, inability to row and change as a person, inability to care for others Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood age - - ->65yo Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood developmental task - - -integrity vs despair Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental mastery - - -fulfilment and comfort with life, willingness to face death, insight and balanced perspective on life's events Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental failure - - -bitterness, sense of dissatisfaction with life, despair over impending death Psychodynamic (Psychoanalytic) Theory - - --Sigmund Freud -all bx is purposeful and meaningful -principle of psychic determinism -most mental activity is unconscious -conscious behaviors and choices are affected by unconscious mental content -childhood experiences shape adult personality -instincts, urges, or fantasies function as drives that motivate thoughts, feelings, and bx -Id, Ego, Superego -conflict is experienced consciously as anxiety Principle of psychic determinism - - -Even apparently meaningless, random, or accidental behavior is actually motivated by underlying unconscious mental content Intellectual disability typical age onset - - -infancy- usually evident at birth ADHD typical age onset - - -early childhood (per DSM by age 12) Schizophrenia typical age onset - - -18-25 for men 25-35 for women Major Depression typical age onset - - -late adolescence to young adulthood dementia typical age onset - - -most common after age 85 Freud's Id - - --contains primary drives or instincts -drives are largely unconscious -operates on the pleasure principle -"I want" pleasure principle - - -the id seeks immediate satisfaction freud's ego - - --rational mind, logical and abstract thinking -"I think, I evaluate" Freud's superego - - --sense of conscience or right vs wrong -develops around age 6 -"I should or ought" Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage age - - -0-18 months Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage primary means of discharging drives and achieving gratification - - -sucking, chewing, feeding, crying Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage psych disorder linked to failure of stage - - - schizophrenia, substance abuse, paranoia Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage age - - -18 months-3 years Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage primary means of discharging drives and achieving gratification - - -sphincter control, activities of expulsion and retention Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage psych disorder linked to failure of stage - - - depressive disorder Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage age - - -3-6 years Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage primary means of discharging drives and achieving gratification - - -exhibitionism, masturbation with focus on Oedipal conflict, castration anxiety, and female fear of lost maternal love Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage psychiatric disorder linked to failure of stage - - -sexual identity disorders Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage age - - -6years-puberty Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage primary means of discharging drives and achieving gratification - - -peer relationships, learning, motor-skills development, socialization Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage psych disorder linked to failure of stage - - - inability to form social relationships Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage age - - -puberty forward Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage primary means of discharging drives and achieving gratification - - -integration and synthesis of behaviors from early stages, primary genitalbased sexuality Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage psych disorder linked to failure of sage - - - sexual perversion disorders Cognitive Theory - - --Piaget - four stages of development Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor age - - -birth-2 years Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor - - -the critical achievement of this stage is object permanence Piaget developmental stage preoperational age - - -2-7 years Piaget developmental stage preoperational - - -more extensive use of language and symbolism magical thinking Piaget developmental stage concrete operations age - - -7-12 years Piaget developmental stage concrete operations - - -child begins to use logic develops concepts of reversibility and conservation Piaget developmental stage formal operations age - - -12 years-adult Piaget developmental stage formal operations - - -ability to think abstractly thinking operates in a formal, logical manner interpersonal theory - - --Harry Stack Sullivan -self-system -when the person's need for satisfaction and security is interfered with by the self system, mental illness occurs -humans experience anxiety and bx is directed toward relieving the anxiety, which then results in interpersonal security self system - - -interpersonal theory total components of personality traits two drives for behavior in interpersonal theory - - --the drive for satisfaction -the drive for security Freud's defense mechanisms - - --denial -projection -regression