1. In the context of sociological paradigms, which theory would suggest that accounting practices contribute to the maintenance of social order? A) Conflict Theory B) Functionalism C) Symbolic Interactionism D) Feminist Theory Answer: B) Functionalism Rationale: Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Accounting practices contribute to this by ensuring a consistent and reliable means of financial reporting, which is crucial for the functioning of businesses and, by extension, society. 2. Which sociological concept is illustrated by the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) across different countries? A) Ethnocentrism B) Cultural Relativism C) Globalization D) McDonaldization Answer: C) Globalization Rationale: Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of societies. The adoption of IFRS is an example of how economic practices, including accounting, are becoming standardized globally, facilitating international trade and investment. 3. The concept of 'social construction of reality' is best demonstrated in accounting by which of the following? A) The objective nature of financial statements B) The use of creative accounting techniques C) The enforcement of regulatory standards D) The immutable laws of mathematics Answer: B) The use of creative accounting techniques Rationale: The social construction of reality concept suggests that our understanding of the world is shaped by our interactions and perceptions. Creative accounting demonstrates this as it involves the interpretation and manipulation of financial data, which can influence stakeholders' perceptions of a company's performance.