Instructor Answer Key to In-chapter and End-of-chapter Questions Chapter 1 Answers to “What Did You Learn?” 1. Anatomy is the study of structure and form, while physiology is the study of function. 2. If a health-care worker must perform CPR, the worker uses surface anatomy to palpate and locate the xiphoid process of the sternum, and then move the hands slightly superiorly to start CPR chest compressions. 3. Cardiovascular physiology examines how the heart, blood vessels and blood function. 4. Anatomists focus on the form and structure of the small intestine. They examine the cells and tissues that form the small intestine, and describe the layers of the small intestinal wall. Physiologists focus on the function of the small intestine. They examine how the muscle of the smooth intestine propels food through the digestive tract and describe the process by which nutrients are broken down and absorbed. Both anatomists and physiologists know that form and function of the small intestine are interrelated. 5. When you study with a partner, you each can help the other identify gaps in your knowledge, keep study sessions focused and on track, and serve as a sounding board when explaining a concept. 6. The ability of organisms to respond to stimuli such as changes in either their external or internal environment provides them with a mechanism for maintaining a constant internal environment, even as the environment around them changes. 7. Level of organization Structural Unit Example in the body Simple or complex? Chemical Atoms and molecules DNA Most simple Cellular Cell Skeletal muscle cell More complex that chemical Tissue Tissues Epithelial tissue More complex than cellular Organ Organ stomach More complex than tissue Organ system Multiple