RN Adult Medical Surgical Nursing Review Module Edition 9.0 CONTRIBUTORS Sheryl Sommer, PhD, RN, CNE VP Nursing Education & Strategy Janean Johnson, MSN, RN Nursing Education Strategist Karin Roberts, PhD, MSN, RN, CNE Nursing Education Coordinator Sharon R. Redding, EdD, RN, CNE Nursing Education Specialist and Content Project Coordinator Lois Churchill, MN, RN Nursing Education Specialist Brenda Ball, MEd, BSN, RN Nursing Education Specialist Norma Jean Henry, MSN/Ed, RN Nursing Education Specialist Peggy Leehy, MSN, RN Nursing Education Specialist Pamela Roland, MSN, RN Nursing Education Specialist EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING Derek Prater Spring Lenox Michelle Renner Mandy Tallmadge Kelly Von Lunen CONSULTANTS Tracey Bousquet, BSN, RN Pam DeMoss, MSN, RN Carol J. Green, PhD, CNS, RN, CNE Justina Higgins, RN, MSN, PLNC, HCE, CHC Honey C. Holman, MSN, RN Deb Johnson-Schuh, MSN, RN, CNE Terri Lemon, DNP, MSN, RN Tami J. Rogers, PhD(c), DVM, MSN, CNE Julie Skrabal, RN, MSN Virginia E. Tufano, EdD, MSN, RN II RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING REVIEW MODULE EDITION 9.0 Intellectual Property Notice ATI Nursing is a division of Assessment Technologies Institute®, LLC Copyright © 2013 Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC. All rights reserved. The reproduction of this work in any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, is forbidden without the written permission of Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC. All of the content in this publication, including, for example, the cover, all of the page headers, images, illustrations, graphics, and text, are subject to trademark, service mark, trade dress, copyright, and/or other intellectual property rights or licenses held by Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC, one of its affiliates, or by third parties who have licensed their materials to Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC. Important Notice to the Reader