Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States? a. Heart disease b. Childhood cancer c. Injuries d. Congenital anomalies ANS: C Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence. The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1 year of age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, “What is meant by family-centered care?” The nurse should respond with which statement? a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family. b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system. c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life. d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making process. ANS: C The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Familycentered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life. The family should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-making process. The nurse should also support the family’s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? a. Using information in textbooksto guide care b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation ANS: B EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the best research evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.