AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges) Answer-CARBS-45-65?TS -20-35% PROTEINS- 10-35% (RANGE OF % OF CALORIES THAT YOU NEED FROM EACH MACRONUTRIENT DAILY) DRI (Dietary Reference Intakes) Answer-set of nutrient intake values used to plan and evaluate diets PROTEIN- 60GMS/DAY 1/2 OF ALL GRAINS CONSUMED SHOULD BE WHOLE GRAINS Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) Answer-the average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people; a goal for dietary intake by individuals Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) Answer-the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage or gender group Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) Answer-the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse health effects Where would you find the %DV and how is it used? Answer-FDA website and also on the product What changes were made when DRIs were established in the late 1990s? Answer-It expanded from the RDA. It contains several different groups to provide more adequate information needed What is pellagra? Answer-condition that occurs due to dietary deficiency of niacin - common if eating corn-based diet - also seen in alcoholics, pts with carcinoid syndrom and Hartnup's disease Sx: 3Ds - diarrhea - dermatitis (present in sun-exposed areas) - dementia - death if untreated What is obesity? Answer-excessive accumulation of body fat What is marasmus? Answer-1. "to waste away" (chronic condition) [body's adaptation to starvation] 2. Inadequate food intake (protein and calories deficiency) over a long period of time 3. Common in children 6-18 months; impairs brain development and learning 4. Muscles, including heart, waste and weaken (no edema) skin and bones 5. Poor growth if any What is Kwashiorkor? Answer-protein deficiency/malnutrition What is anorexia nervosa? Answer-Self starvation due to a distorted body image of being overweight What is bulimia nervosa? Answer-binge eating and purging Vitamin A deficiencies Answer-*Night blindness (nyctalopia)- reversible and detected using a dark adaptation test Xeropthalmia (corneal damage)- not reversible Dry, scaly skin (hyperkeratosis) Vitamin C deficiencies Answer-scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums, petechiae iron deficiency Answer-anemia Iodine deficiencies Answer-cretinism and goiter Vitamin D deficiencies Answer-rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis Vitamin E deficiencies Answer-hemolytic anemia Vitamin K deficiencies Answer-decreased synthesis of clotting factors, hemorrhage What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat and what recommendations would you make to a patient regarding their consumption? Answer-Saturated fats MyPlate Recommendations Answer-make half your plate fruits and vegetables; select nutrient dense foods in order to meet DRIs without exceeding calorie needs What does ?ily Value (%DV) show? Answer-It shows how much of a nutrient is in one serving of the food. %DVs are based on the Daily Values for key nutrients, which are the amounts (in grams, milligrams, or micrograms) of nutrients recommended per day for Americans 4 years of age and older. What are the primary diseases associated with poor diet and lifestyle? AnswerHow much of the total healthcare expenditures is spent on preventative approaches to preventable disease? Answer-3 ?fine and provide examples of prevention strategies: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary. Answer-Primaryprevention strategies, or health promotion, encourage health-enhancing behaviors by giving individuals, families, and communities ways to reduce risk factors associated with disease and injury. Secondary-prevention includes risk appraisal and screening to emphasize early detection and diagnosis of disease.