1. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen therapy. Which physiological principle should guide the nurse's management of oxygen delivery? A. Oxygen should be delivered at the highest possible concentration to ensure tissue oxygenation. B. Oxygen delivery should be titrated to maintain arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) within a target range. C. Oxygen is contraindicated for COPD patients due to the risk of carbon dioxide narcosis. D. Intermittent oxygen therapy is preferred to continuous oxygen to prevent oxygen toxicity. Answer: B. Oxygen delivery should be titrated to maintain SaO2 within a target range. Rationale: In COPD patients, oxygen therapy must be carefully managed to avoid hyperoxia while ensuring adequate tissue oxygenation. High concentrations of oxygen can diminish respiratory drive in COPD patients and lead to carbon dioxide retention. 2. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected heart failure. Which clinical finding is consistent with left-sided heart failure? A. Jugular venous distension B. Peripheral edema C. Crackles on auscultation of the lungs D. Hepatomegaly Answer: C. Crackles on auscultation of the lungs. Rationale: Crackles are indicative of fluid accumulation in the alveoli, which is a common sign of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion. 3. During a stress test, a patient demonstrates a decrease in blood pressure with increased workload. What does this suggest about the patient's cardiac function? A. Normal response to exercise B. Indicative of myocardial ischemia C. Sign of enhanced cardiac output D. Evidence of a sedentary lifestyle Answer: B. Indicative of myocardial ischemia. Rationale: A drop in blood pressure during increased physical activity can indicate myocardial