1. A patient is admitted with a BMI of 32. Which of the following dietary adjustments is most likely to promote weight loss and improve energy balance? A) Increase daily protein intake to 1.5 times the RDA B) Reduce daily caloric intake by 500 kcal C) Increase fat intake to 40% of daily calories D) Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet Answer: B) Reduce daily caloric intake by 500 kcal Rationale: Reducing daily caloric intake by 500 kcal can lead to a gradual weight loss of about 1 pound per week, which is a safe and sustainable rate. It helps in creating a negative energy balance necessary for weight loss. 2. In the context of behavior modification for weight control, which technique is most effective for long-term success? A) Punishment for undesired behaviors B) Use of food as a reward C) Self-monitoring of diet and exercise D) Avoidance of all social eating situations Answer: C) Self-monitoring of diet and exercise Rationale: Self-monitoring has been shown to increase awareness of eating and activity habits and is associated with improved weight control outcomes. 3. Which of the following is a primary benefit of incorporating resistance training into an exercise regimen for weight control? A) Immediate reduction of fat mass B) Increased flexibility and range of motion C) Enhanced resting metabolic rate D) Reduction in appetite post-exercise Answer: C) Enhanced resting metabolic rate Rationale: Resistance training builds muscle mass, which can increase the resting metabolic rate, leading to higher energy expenditure even at rest. 4. A 55-year-old female patient wishes to start a physical exercise program. Which of the following assessments is most important before she begins?