BKAT ICU Post Test 2023 (solved) Nitroprusside purpose - Answer- decreases preload and afterload by vasodilation (mainly afterload) Dobutamine mechanism of action - Answer- contractility Dopamine at a low-end dose "renal dose" - Answer- 0.5-4mcg/kg/min increases renal and mesentric perfusion Dopamine at a mid-range dose - Answer- 4-10mcg/kg/min increases contractility and heart rate Dopamine at a high-range dose - Answer- greater than 10mcg/kg/min vasoconstriction and increases BP Dopamine and Levophed infiltration - Answer- leads to tissue necrosis Dopamine antidote - Answer- regitine (phentolamine) TpA monitor for - Answer- bleeding-hemorrhagic CVA diltiazem (cardizem) works by? - Answer- (calcium channel blocker) slows ventricular rate by slowing conduction through the SA and AV node Diltazem (cardizem) biggest effect on which hemodynamic - Answer- hypotension diltazem is used for patients with - Answer- a-fib or a-flutter amiodarone (Cordarone) is a - Answer- antiarrythmic prolongs the cardiac duration You MUST use a __________ when using amiodarone infusion - Answer- 0.22 micron filter Watch out for ____________ in patients on a amiodarone infusion - Answerhypotension, prolongation of QT interval and bradycardia amiodarone is used for patients with - Answer- a-fib, a-flutter and VT how much amiodarone is given to a stable VT with a pulse and a unstable pulseless VT/VF? - Answer- 150mg over 10min for VT with pulse 300mg push; repeat x1 at 150mg Epinephrine has what effect on the body? - Answer- increases HR, BP, and contractility what is the first line drug for pulseless arrest? - Answer- Epinephrine What rhythms are considered fatal? - Answer- V-fib, Vtach (pulseless), and asystole Epinephrine is also given for? - Answer- anaphylaxis and as a vasopressor for hypotension Heparin is used for? Antidote is? - Answer- anticoagulant Protamine Sulfate What is the osmotic diuretic of choice to decrease intracranial pressure? - Answermannitol How does mannitol work? - Answer- pulls fluids into intravascular space to be excreted by the kidneys to reduce intracranial pressure what insulin is given IV? What is the peak? - Answer- Regular insulin can only be given IV 2-4 hr peak time Which insulin has a peak of 8-14 hrs? - Answer- NPH Atropine is ineffective in which heart rhythms types? - Answer- high degree AV blocks: 2nd degree type2 and 3rd degree Atropine works by? - Answer- increasing heart rate-increasing conduction through SA node Atropine is given to treat? - Answer- symptomatic bradycardia Dilantin is given to treat - Answer- seizure disorders DO NOT give __________ with dilantin because ________ will happen. - Answer- DO NOT give with dextrose containing solutions because it will crystalize Which corticosteroid is usually given in insufficient adrenal activity or hypersensitivity/inflammation reactions? - Answer- Cortisone If chronically using cortisone be sure to _____ to prevent _____. - Answer- If chronically using cortisone be sure to taper the medications to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency This medication is a cardiac glycoside that increases contractility. - Answer- Digoxin