1. Which of the following is a macronutrient that provides energy and is

essential for building and repairing body tissues?

a) Carbohydrate

b) Protein*

c) Vitamin

d) Mineral

Rationale: Protein is a macronutrient that provides 4 kcal/g of energy and

is composed of amino acids that are the building blocks of body tissues.

Carbohydrate and fat are also macronutrients that provide energy, but they

are not essential for tissue synthesis. Vitamin and mineral are

micronutrients that do not provide energy, but are involved in various

metabolic functions.

2. What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of protein for a

healthy adult?

a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight*

b) 1.2 g/kg of body weight

c) 1.6 g/kg of body weight

d) 2.0 g/kg of body weight

Rationale: The RDA of protein for a healthy adult is 0.8 g/kg of body

weight, which is based on the average requirement plus a margin of safety.

The RDA may vary depending on age, gender, activity level, and health

status. The other options are higher than the RDA and may be appropriate

for some individuals with increased protein needs, such as athletes,

pregnant women, or people with certain medical conditions.

3. Which of the following is a condition that results from inadequate

protein intake or poor protein quality in the diet?

a) Kwashiorkor*

b) Marasmus

c) Scurvy

d) Beriberi

Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a form of protein-energy malnutrition that