NBCE Part 1 Physiology Exam Questions and Answers All Correct

NBCE Part 1 Physiology

Exam Questions and

Answers All Correct

What percentage of the blood is made of formed elements? - ANSWER 45%

What percentage of the blood is plasma? - ANSWER 55%

What are the percentages of leukocyte distribution in blood? - ANSWER 60%

Neutrophils (Never)

30% Leukocytes (Let)

8% Monocytes (My)

3% Eosinophils (Engine)

0?sophils (Blow)

What are the percentages of protein distribution in plasma? - ANSWER 55%

Albumin

38% Globulins

7% Fibrinogen

(Proteins AGE)

Hematopoesis: Blood cells are formed in the _____ during the embryonic stage. -

ANSWER Yolk Sac.

Hematopoesis: Blood cells are formed in the _____ during the adult stage. It requires

the help of what two other organs during its life cycle? - ANSWER 1) Red bone

marrow

2) Liver and spleen

Regulation of RBC production depends on Po2 in the? - ANSWER Kidney

Low Po2 in the kidney causes it to produce what hormone? - ANSWER

Erythropoietin

To become an erythrocyte: Hematocytoblast first will differentiate into ______, before it

becomes a ______. - ANSWER Rubriblast (w/ nucleus), then reticulocyte. (w/o

nucleus)

The precursor to granular white blood cells like: Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

is: - ANSWER Myeloblast

The precursor to thromboytes is: - ANSWER Megakaryoblast

The precursor to lymphocytes is - ANSWER Lymphoblast

The precursor to monoblasts is - ANSWER Monocyte

The life expectancy of a RBC is - ANSWER 120 days.

Hemoglobin contains ___ protein subunits.

___ alpha ___ beta, ___ heme groups, ___ iron atoms, ___ oxygen atoms. - ANSWER

4 2 2 4 4 4

Ferrous iron is shortened to ____. This is the form it is absorbed with and carried in

hemoglobin. - ANSWER Fe2+

_____ stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion. - ANSWER Ferritin

______ is the main protein in the blood that binds to iron and transports it throughout

the body. - ANSWER Transferrin

Majority of CO2 is transported as ____. - ANSWER Bicarbonate iron (HCO3)

What are the different types of granulocytes? - ANSWER Basophils: Heparin, for

inflammation.

Eosinophils: For allergic reactions and parasitic worms.

Neutrophils: For bacterial antibiotic activity, for phagocytic

Lymphocytes attack what? - ANSWER Viruses

B cells develop in the ____. When they come into contact with an antigen they are

converted to ____, which then produce ____. - ANSWER 1) Bone marrow 2)

Plasma cells 3) antibodies.

T cells differentiate in the ____. They release chemicals which stimulate ____s to

migrate toward infections. - ANSWER 1) Thymus 2) Macrophages

Monocytes fight ____. - ANSWER Infections

What do each white blood cell fight? - ANSWER Neutrophil: Bacterial (Boy)

Lymphocyte: Virus (Vern)

Monocyte: Macrophages (My)

Eosinophil: Parasites (Pants)

Basophil: Tissue inflammation (are Tight)

What is the first line of defense in the blood? Tissues? - ANSWER 1) Neutrophils

2) Macrophages

This protein in plasma is responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure - ANSWER

Albumin

These proteins in the plasma are responsible for blood clotting. - ANSWER

Fibrinogen and prothrombin

The blood type that is the universal recipient is - ANSWER Type AB

The blood type that is the universal donor is - ANSWER O

A person with Blood type B has antigens for ____, antibodies against ____, can donate

to ____ and can receive from ____. - ANSWER 1) B

2) A

3) B, AB

4) B, and O.

Erythroblastosis fetalis is a disease which can occur if the mother is _____, father is

____, baby is ____. - ANSWER 1) Rh2) Rh+

3) Rh+

Cellular immunity is accomplished through ____ cells. It fights against ____. - ANSWER

T cells: Fungus, parasites, viral, cancer, tissue implants.

Humoral immunity is accomplished through B cells. It fights against _____ - ANSWER

Bacterial and viral infections.

Cellular immunity occurs when a ___ presents an antigen that will bind to a ____ cell. -

ANSWER 1) macrophage

2) T cell.

_____ is a type of T cell that will attach to an invading cell and secrete lymphotoxins (to

kill antigen directly), or lymphokinins (kill antigen indirectly) - ANSWER Cytotoxic

T cell

_____ is a type of T cell that amplifies antibody production by working with B cells. -

ANSWER Helper T.