The principles of growth and development include all of the following except: a. Each child grows and develops according to a general orderly pattern that tends to resemble that of others of the same age, sex and nationality b. Development proceeds in a cephalocaudal and proximodistal manner c. Development proceeds from the specific to the general d. Growth and development are interrelated and interdependent - CORRECT ANSWER c. Development proceeds from the specific to the general The period of greatest growth is from: a. Birth to one year b. Toddlerhood to preschool years c. School age to preadolescence d. The beginning to the end of adolescence - CORRECT ANSWER a. Birth to one year A developmentally appropriate 3 ½ year old child is likely to be most fearful of which of the following activities: a. Chest x-ray b. Rectal temperature c. Bed bath by the nurse d. Blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER b. Rectal temperature The neonatal period begins at birth and lasts for 4 weeks. During this time, the infant adapts to the extrauterine environment. Which one of the following is true about the neonate? a. The sense of hearing is immature b. Myelinization of the brain is complete c. The anterior fontanel will close within a month d. Temperature-regulating mechanisms are immature - CORRECT ANSWER d. Temperature-regulating mechanisms are immature Four year old Juan is being admitted today for a tonsillectomy. You know that Juan is in which developmental stage according to Erikson: a. Initiative vs. guilt b. Identity vs. role confusion c. Industry vs. inferiority d. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt - CORRECT ANSWER a. Initiative vs. guilt Which of the following criteria is used in assessing readiness for toilet training? a. The child should be at least 2 years old before toilet training b. The child can demonstrate an awareness that she is urinating and defecating c. The child should have a dry diaper through the night d. The child should have resolved her fears about what might happen when she flushes the toilet - CORRECT ANSWER b. The child can demonstrate an awareness that she is urinating and defecating Thomas is a 6 month old who weighed 6 lbs at birth. Based on your knowledge of pediatric growth, you know that his weight today should be at least a. 9 lbs b. 12 lbs c. 16 lbs d. 18 lbs - CORRECT ANSWER b. 12 lbs You are preparing to measure the length of 12-month-old William. His mother tells you he was 20 inches at birth. Based on your knowledge of normal growth parameters you would expect his length to be approximately: a. 25% greater than his birth length b. 50% greater than his birth length c. 75% greater than his birth length d. Double his birth length - CORRECT ANSWER b. 50% greater than his birth length Dana is a 30-month-old female whose length you are plotting. You measured her using a length board. Which growth chart would you choose? a. Girls: 0-36 months b. Girls: 2-18 years c. Either a girls 0-36 months or a 2-18 years growth chart; it does not matter d. You must plot on both charts since she's in the transitional period - CORRECT ANSWER a. Girls: 0-36 months When performing a well-child assessment of a 4 month old, which one of the following represents a normal assessment finding? a. Closed anterior and posterior fontanel b. Open anterior and posterior fontanel c. Closed anterior and open posterior fontanel d. Open anterior and closed posterior fontanel - CORRECT ANSWER d. Open anterior and closed posterior fontanel A bottle-fed infant, age 3 months, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a well-child visit. During the previous visit, the nurse taught the mother about infant nutritional needs. Which statement by the mother during the current visit indicates effective teaching? a. "I started the baby on cereals and fruits because he wasn't sleeping through the night." b. "I started putting cereal in the bottle with formula because the baby kept spitting it out when I gave it with a spoon." c. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." d. "I'm giving the baby skim milk because he was getting so chubby." - CORRECT ANSWER c. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." When assessing the development of a 3 month old, which of the following would be most concerning? a. Failure to look for the objects when they are no longer in the visual field b. Failure to smile c. Failure to roll over d. Failure to pull feet to mouth - CORRECT ANSWER b. Failure to smile When assessing the 7 month old, which of the following is the most likely to be developing? a. Rocking back and forth on hands and knees b. Standing while holding onto an object for support c. Waving bye-bye d. Rolling over - CORRECT ANSWER a. Rocking back and forth on hands and knees Which of the following is not well developed in a newborn infant? a. Hearing b. Vision c. Touch d. Pain sensation - CORRECT ANSWER b. Vision