NSG 533 advanced pharm exam 2 2023 with complete solution/Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review(100% Verified)

NSG 533 advanced pharm exam 2 2023

with complete solution/Advanced

Pharmacology Final Exam

Review(100% Verified)

Which respiratory drugs cause a bronchodilation effect? Correct answerCombivent

Atrovent

Theophylline

Spiriva

Levalbuterol

Isoproterenol

Epinephrine

Albuterol

Which respiratory drugs cause an antiinflammatory effect? Correct answerPulmicort

Advair

Singulair

Symbicort

Flovent

Cromolyn

Which drugs are used for an acute asthma attack? Correct answerLevalbuterol

Albuterol

Isoproterenol

IV isoproterenol

IV theophylline

IV epinephrine

IV beclomethasone

IV dexamethasone

IV prednisone

Which drugs are used for prophylaxis of asthma exacerbations and

maintenance of asthma symptoms? Correct answer- Pulmicort

Advair

Spiriva

Singulair

Flovent

Combivent

Oral theophylline

Cromolyn

Symbicort

Which alpha and beta 2 agonists are used for respiratory disorders? Correct

answer- Albuterol.

Isoproterenol.

Levalbuterol.

Which anticholinergics are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answerAtrovent.

Spiriva.

Which methylxanthines are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answerTheophylline.

Which leukotriene receptor modifiers are used for respiratory disorders?

Correct answer- Singulair

Which glucocorticoids are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answerBeclomethasone.

Dexamethasone.

Prednisone.

Which glucocorticoids are used in combination with LABAs for respiratory

disorders? Correct answer- Advair.

Pulmicort.

Symbicort.

Flovent.

What are the disorders that cause COPD? Correct answer- Asthma.

Chronic bronchitis.

Emphysema.

Bronchiectasis.

What is bronchiectasis? Correct answer- An abnormal stretching and

widening of the lung airway, caused by mucus blocking which allows bacteria

to build up and can lead to an infection.

What unusual occurrence can also cause COPD later in life? Correct answerAspiration of a small toy or a peanut as a child.

What are the external environmental triggers that can cause as asthma

attack? Correct answer- Work.

Exercise.

Temperature changes.

Air pressure changes.

Humidity.

What are the internal environmental triggers that can cause an asthma

attack? Correct answer- Emotions.

Stress.

Which type of pollutants can cause an asthma attack? Correct answerSmoke.

Air pollution.

Perfumes.

Which type of allergic substances can most often cause an asthma attack?

Correct answer- Dust mites.

Mold.

Food.

Animal Dander.

Pollen.

Which type of drugs can cause an asthma exacerbation? Correct answerAspirin.

NSAIDs.

Why do we closely monitor a patient who was given epi for an asthma

attack? Correct answer- Because it stimulates response from not only beta 2

receptors, but also alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors which have effects on the

heart.

What side effects can epi cause on an asthma patient outside of

bronchodilation? Correct answer- Palpitation.

Dizziness.

Nervousness.

Tremors.

Hypertension.

Dysrhythmias.

Tachycardia.

What response does activation of beta 2 receptors cause in the body in

relation to the respiratory tract? Correct answer- Bronchodilation.

Decreased spasm activity.

Suppress histamine release.

Increase cilliary motility.

Describe SABAs. Correct answer- Short Acting Beta2 Agonists. They are

generally inhaled drugs and used for acute asthma attacks.

Describe LABAs. Correct answer- Long Acting Beta2 Agonists. They can be

either inhaled or taken orally and are used for long term therapy, NOT acute

attacks.

What do we want to check often with a diabetic taking a beta 2 agonist drug

for asthma relief/maintenance and why? Correct answer- Finger Stick blood

sugar because activation of the beta 2 receptors can cause an increase in

blood sugar. (stimulates liver to start glycogenolysis, which breaks glycogen

down to glucose)

What is important to educate our patients on in regards to side effects with

beta 2 agonist drugs for respiratory disorders? Correct answer- Educate

patients that side effects will usually diminish after a week or so.

Is tolerance something we need to worry about with beta 2 agonists for

respiratory disorders and why? Correct answer- Yes because with long term

therapy tolerance can occur, so we may need to increase the dosing.

What are general adverse effects of inhaled SABA medications? Correct

answer- These are generally well tolerated, but can have systemic effects

such as tachycardia, angina, and tremors. (These are usually minimum and

decrease over time)

What are general adverse effects of inhaled LABA medications? Correct

answer- There is an increased risk of severe asthma attacks and asthma

related death if used incorrectly. Important to teach to take these

medications as directed.

What are the general side effects of oral beta 2 agonists for respiratory

disorders? Correct answer- They can activate beta 1 receptors in the heart

and cause angina pectoris and tachydysrhythmias. Can also activate beta 2

receptors in the skeletal muscles causing tremors.

What is the action of albuterol? Correct answer- Causes relaxation of

bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation. It has a rapid onset but a

longer duration of action. Also, it is usually selective to beta 2 receptors,

except in high doses, then it can affect both receptors causing heart

involvement.

What are the indications of albuterol? Correct answer- Acute/chronic asthma.

Bronchitis.

Bronchospasms, including exercise induced bronchospasm.