1. What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods in nursing? Provide an example of each type of research. Quantitative research methods use numerical data to test hypotheses, measure outcomes, and generalize findings. Qualitative research methods use non-numerical data to explore meanings, experiences, and contexts. An example of quantitative research is a randomized controlled trial that compares the effectiveness of two interventions for wound healing. An example of qualitative research is a focus group that explores the perceptions and challenges of patients with chronic pain. 2. What are the main components of a research proposal in nursing? Explain the purpose and importance of each component. A research proposal in nursing typically consists of the following components: introduction, literature review, research question or hypothesis, methodology, ethical considerations, and budget. The introduction provides the background and rationale for the study, as well as the aims and objectives. The literature review summarizes the existing knowledge and identifies the gaps that the study intends to fill. The research question or hypothesis states the main problem or question that the study will address, and the expected results or outcomes. The methodology describes the design, sample, instruments, procedures, and data analysis methods that will be used in the study. The ethical considerations discuss the potential risks and benefits of the study for the participants and society, and how they will be minimized or maximized. The budget estimates the costs and resources needed to conduct the study. 3. What are some common types of sampling methods used in nursing research? Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each type. Some common types of sampling methods used in nursing research are probability sampling and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling involves selecting participants randomly from a population, so that each