1. Which of the following is NOT considered an adverse effect of phlebotomy?

a) Hematoma formation

b) Hypotension

c) Infection

d) Hypernatremia

Answer: d) Hypernatremia

Rationale: Hypernatremia refers to an increased level of sodium in the blood

and is not directly associated with phlebotomy. The other options are all

potential adverse effects of phlebotomy.

2. Which of the following techniques is recommended to prevent hematoma

formation during phlebotomy?

a) Applying pressure to the puncture site

b) Using a small gauge needle

c) Avoiding arm flexion during the procedure

d) Withdrawing blood slowly

Answer: a) Applying pressure to the puncture site

Rationale: Applying pressure to the puncture site after phlebotomy can help

prevent hematoma formation by promoting clotting and reducing blood flow

from the site.

3. What is the most common complication associated with prolonged

tourniquet application during phlebotomy?

a) Infection

b) Nerve damage

c) Thrombophlebitis

d) Petechiae

Answer: d) Petechiae

Rationale: Prolonged tourniquet application during phlebotomy can lead to

the development of petechiae, which are small red or purple spots on the

skin caused by bleeding under the surface.

4. A patient develops signs of hypotension during phlebotomy. What

immediate nursing intervention should be implemented?

a) Elevate the patient's legs

b) Apply a warm compress to the site

c) Administer a vasopressor medication

d) Discontinue the procedure and notify the healthcare provider

Answer: a) Elevate the patient's legs

Rationale: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, during phlebotomy may be a

result of vasovagal syncope. Elevating the patient's legs can help increase

blood flow to the brain and alleviate symptoms.

5. Which laboratory test should be closely monitored in patients undergoing