Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms? a. nitrogen fixation c. synthesis of vitamins b. production of fermented foods d. causative agents of disease ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge. MSC: Remembering 2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be a. fungi. c. virus. b. E. coli. d. algae. ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain what the three domains have in common and how they differ. MSC: Applying 3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a  a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. b. bacteria. d. large ameba. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain what the three domains have in common and how they differ. MSC: Applying 4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n) a. virus. c. archaea. b. bacteria. d. eukaryote. ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain what the three domains have in common and how they differ. MSC: Applying 5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism? a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain what the three domains have in common and how they differ. MSC: Applying 6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote? a. the absence of proteins b. the presence of DNA c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles d. the presence of a cell wall ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain what the three domains have in common and how they differ. MSC: Remembering 7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between two closely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?